costello
argued
decided
march
defendant
criminal
case
federal
may
required
stand
trial
conviction
may
sustained
hearsay
evidence
presented
grand
jury
indicted
pp
indictment
based
solely
hearsay
evidence
violate
provision
fifth
amendment
person
shall
held
answer
capital
otherwise
infamous
crime
unless
presentment
indictment
grand
jury
pp
exercise
power
supervise
administration
justice
federal
courts
declines
establish
rule
permitting
defendants
criminal
cases
challenge
indictments
ground
supported
adequate
competent
evidence
pp
osmond
fraenkel
morris
shilensky
argued
cause
petitioner
brief
joseph
leary
delaney
george
wolf
marvin
frankel
argued
cause
brief
solicitor
general
sobeloff
assistant
attorney
general
holland
joseph
howard
justice
black
delivered
opinion
granted
certiorari
case
consider
single
question
may
defendant
required
stand
trial
conviction
sustained
hearsay
evidence
presented
grand
jury
indicated
petitioner
frank
costello
indicated
wilfully
attempting
evade
payment
income
taxes
due
years
charge
petitioner
falsely
fraudulently
reported
less
income
wife
actually
received
taxable
years
question
petitioner
promptly
filed
motion
inspection
minutes
grand
jury
dismissal
indictment
motion
based
affidavit
stating
firmly
convinced
legal
competent
evidence
grand
jury
indicted
since
reported
income
paid
taxes
due
motion
denied
trial
followed
government
offered
evidence
designed
show
increases
costello
net
worth
attempt
prove
received
income
years
question
reported
establish
case
government
called
examined
witnesses
introduced
exhibits
testimony
documents
related
business
transactions
expenditures
petitioner
wife
prosecution
concluded
case
calling
three
government
agents
investigations
produced
evidence
used
petitioner
trial
allowed
summarize
vast
amount
evidence
already
heard
introduce
computations
showing
correct
petitioner
wife
received
far
greater
income
reported
held
summarizations
admissible
net
worth
case
like
johnson
counsel
petitioner
asked
government
witness
trial
whether
appeared
grand
jury
returned
indictment
developed
fact
three
investigating
officers
witnesses
grand
jury
government
concluded
case
petitioner
moved
dismiss
indictment
ground
evidence
grand
jury
hearsay
since
three
officers
firsthand
knowledge
transactions
upon
computations
based
nevertheless
trial
refused
dismiss
indictment
petitioner
convicted
appeals
affirmed
holding
indictment
valid
even
though
sole
evidence
grand
jury
hearsay
petitioner
urges
indictment
based
solely
hearsay
evidence
violates
part
fifth
amendment
providing
person
shall
held
answer
capital
otherwise
infamous
crime
unless
presentment
indictment
grand
jury
fifth
amendment
invalidate
indictment
based
solely
hearsay
lay
rule
guidance
federal
courts
see
mcnabb
fifth
amendment
provides
federal
prosecutions
capital
otherwise
infamous
crimes
must
instituted
presentments
indictments
grand
juries
neither
fifth
amendment
constitutional
provision
prescribes
kind
evidence
upon
grand
juries
must
act
grand
jury
english
institution
brought
country
early
colonists
incorporated
constitution
founders
every
reason
believe
constitutional
grand
jury
intended
operate
substantially
like
english
progenitor
basic
purpose
english
grand
jury
provide
fair
method
instituting
criminal
proceedings
persons
believed
committed
crimes
grand
jurors
selected
body
people
work
hampered
rigid
procedural
evidential
rules
fact
grand
jurors
act
knowledge
free
make
presentments
indictments
information
deemed
satisfactory
despite
broad
power
institute
criminal
proceedings
grand
jury
grew
popular
favor
years
acquired
independence
england
free
control
crown
judges
adoption
constitution
sole
method
preferring
charges
serious
criminal
cases
shows
high
place
held
instrument
justice
country
england
old
grand
jury
convened
body
laymen
free
technical
rules
acting
secret
pledged
indict
one
prejudice
free
one
special
favor
late
english
historian
say
english
grand
juries
still
free
act
knowledge
pleased
justice
nelson
circuit
say
case
cited
able
find
furnishing
authority
looking
revising
judgment
grand
jury
upon
evidence
purpose
determining
whether
finding
founded
upon
sufficient
proof
reed
fed
cas
holt
decide
whether
indictment
quashed
supported
part
incompetent
evidence
aside
incompetent
evidence
little
evidence
accused
refused
hold
indictment
quashed
pointing
abuses
criminal
practice
enhanced
indictments
upset
ground
thing
true
evidence
grand
jury
nature
hearsay
indictments
held
open
challenge
ground
inadequate
incompetent
evidence
grand
jury
resulting
delay
great
indeed
result
rule
trial
merits
defendant
always
insist
kind
preliminary
trial
determine
competency
adequacy
evidence
grand
jury
required
fifth
amendment
indictment
returned
legally
constituted
unbiased
grand
jury
like
information
drawn
prosecutor
valid
face
enough
call
trial
charge
merits
fifth
amendment
requires
nothing
petitioner
urges
exercise
power
supervise
administration
justice
federal
courts
establish
rule
permitting
defendants
challenge
indictments
ground
supported
adequate
competent
evidence
persuasive
reasons
advanced
establishing
rule
run
counter
whole
history
grand
jury
institution
laymen
conduct
inquiries
unfettered
technical
rules
neither
justice
concept
fair
trial
requires
change
trial
merits
defendants
entitled
strict
observance
rules
designed
bring
fair
verdict
defendants
entitled
however
rule
result
interminable
delay
add
nothing
assurance
fair
trial
affirmed
footnotes
discussions
net
worth
method
see
holland
friedberg
smith
calderon
appeals
reversed
petitioner
conviction
count
grounds
material
varying
views
expressed
concerning
whether
indictments
may
challenged
based
whole
part
incompetent
evidence
see
chadwick
violon
nanfito
brady
banks
zacher
see
also
cases
collected
harv
rev
yale
cent
joyce
indictments
blakemore
note
holdsworth
history
english
law
development
grand
jury
institution
england
see
hale
henkel
blair
mcgrain
daugherty
johnson
blackstone
commentaries
et
seq
pollock
maitland
history
english
law
holdsworth
history
english
law
morse
survey
grand
jury
system
rev
see
pierre
louisiana
justice
burton
concurring
agree
denial
motion
quash
indictment
view
however
case
justify
breadth
declarations
made
assume
preclude
examination
action
ascertain
existence
bias
prejudice
indictment
likewise
seems
shown
grand
jury
substantial
rationally
persuasive
evidence
upon
base
indictment
indictment
quashed
hold
person
answer
empty
indictment
capital
otherwise
infamous
federal
crime
robs
fifth
amendment
much
protective
value
private
citizen
holt
substantial
rationally
persuasive
evidence
apparently
presented
grand
jury
may
fairly
assume
evidence
jury
included
much
testimony
later
given
trial
three
government
agents
said
testified
grand
jury
trial
summarized
financial
transactions
accused
qualified
testify
knowledge
use
justice
holmes
phrase
holt
case
testimony
standing
alone
incompetent
circumstances
supra
yet
rationally
persuasive
crime
charged
provided
substantial
basis
indictment
trial
preliminary
testimony
laying
foundation
testimony
constituted
important
part
competent
evidence
upon
conviction
obtained
sustain
indictment
circumstances
well
enough
agree
judge
learned
hand
appeared
evidence
offered
rationally
established
facts
indictment
quashed
grand
jury
substance
abdicated
accordingly
concur
judgment
reasons
stated
opinion
appeals
subject
limitations
expressed
see
also
notes
harv
rev
yale