geduldig
aiello
argued
march
decided
june
california
disability
insurance
system
private
employees
temporarily
disabled
working
injury
illness
covered
workmen
compensation
employee
contributes
unemployment
compensation
disability
fund
one
percent
salary
annual
maximum
disability
lasting
less
eight
days
compensable
except
employee
hospitalized
benefits
payable
single
disability
exceeding
weeks
disability
resulting
individual
commitment
dipsomaniac
drug
addict
sexual
psychopath
compensable
certain
disabilities
attributable
pregnancy
appellees
four
women
otherwise
qualified
program
suffered
employment
disability
pregnancies
one
normal
challenged
pregnancy
exclusion
district
upheld
contention
exclusion
violated
equal
protection
clause
denied
motion
reconsider
based
state
appellate
ruling
appellant
administers
program
acquiesced
confining
exclusion
normal
pregnancies
california
program
terms
level
benefits
risks
insured
structured
maintain
solvency
disability
fund
annual
level
contribution
district
acknowledged
coverage
disabilities
resulting
normal
pregnancies
entail
substantial
additional
expense
concluded
increased
cost
accommodated
adjustments
rate
employee
contribution
maximum
benefits
payable
variables
affecting
solvency
program
held
appellate
ruling
administrative
guidelines
excluding
normal
pregnancies
mooted
case
three
appellees
abnormal
pregnancies
whose
claims
paid
pp
california
decision
insure
program
risk
disability
resulting
normal
pregnancy
constitute
invidious
discrimination
violative
equal
protection
clause
program
discriminate
respect
persons
groups
eligible
protection
evidence
discriminates
definable
group
class
terms
aggregate
risk
protection
derived
program
sole
contention
asserted
underinclusiveness
program
coverage
result
exclusion
disabilities
resulting
normal
pregnancy
state
required
equal
protection
clause
sacrifice
nature
program
reduce
benefits
payable
covered
disabilities
increase
maximum
employee
contribution
rate
provide
protection
another
risk
disability
normal
pregnancy
equal
protection
clause
require
state
must
choose
attacking
every
aspect
problem
attacking
problem
dandridge
williams
pp
stewart
delivered
opinion
burger
white
blackmun
powell
rehnquist
joined
brennan
filed
dissenting
opinion
douglas
marshall
joined
post
joanne
condas
deputy
attorney
general
california
argued
cause
appellant
briefs
evelle
younger
attorney
general
elizabeth
palmer
assistant
attorney
general
wendy
williams
argued
cause
appellees
briefs
peter
hart
weiner
roland
davis
victor
van
bourg
briefs
amici
curiae
urging
reversal
filed
milton
smith
gerard
smetana
lawrence
ehrlich
jerry
kronenberg
chamber
commerce
ronald
zumbrun
raymond
momboisse
pacific
legal
foundation
richard
godown
myron
hill
national
association
manufacturers
willard
carr
merchants
manufacturers
assn
mark
garlinghouse
james
hutchinson
american
telephone
telegraph
theophil
kammholz
stanley
strauss
john
battle
robert
brame
iii
general
electric
briefs
amici
curiae
urging
affirmance
filed
joseph
eddins
beatrice
rosenberg
equal
employment
opportunity
commission
ruth
bader
ginsburg
melvin
wulf
american
civil
liberties
union
et
al
albert
woll
laurence
gold
thomas
harris
american
federation
labor
congress
industrial
organization
winn
newman
ruth
weyand
international
union
electrical
radio
machine
workers
joseph
onek
women
equity
action
league
et
al
harry
rand
physicians
forum
justice
stewart
delivered
opinion
almost
years
california
administered
disability
insurance
system
pays
benefits
persons
private
employment
temporarily
unable
work
disability
covered
workmen
compensation
appellees
brought
action
challenge
constitutionality
provision
california
program
defining
disability
excludes
coverage
certain
disabilities
resulting
pregnancy
appellees
sought
enjoin
enforcement
state
statute
convened
pursuant
appellees
motion
summary
judgment
district
divided
vote
held
provision
disability
insurance
program
violates
equal
protection
clause
fourteenth
amendment
therefore
enjoined
continued
enforcement
supp
district
denied
motion
stay
judgment
pending
appeal
appellant
thereupon
filed
similar
motion
granted
subsequently
noted
probable
jurisdiction
appeal
california
disability
insurance
system
funded
entirely
contributions
deducted
wages
participating
employees
participation
program
mandatory
unless
employees
protected
voluntary
private
plan
approved
state
employee
required
contribute
one
percent
salary
annual
maximum
contributions
placed
unemployment
compensation
disability
fund
established
administered
special
trust
fund
within
state
treasury
disability
fund
benefits
program
paid
individual
eligible
disability
benefits
base
period
prior
disability
contributed
one
percent
minimum
income
disability
fund
event
suffers
compensable
disability
individual
receive
weekly
benefit
amount
depending
amount
earned
highest
quarter
base
period
benefits
paid
eighth
day
disability
unless
employee
hospitalized
case
benefits
commence
first
day
hospitalization
addition
weekly
benefit
amount
hospitalized
employee
entitled
receive
additional
benefits
per
day
hospitalization
weekly
benefit
amounts
one
disability
payable
weeks
long
total
amount
paid
exceed
wages
received
base
period
additional
benefits
one
disability
paid
maximum
days
return
contribution
disability
fund
individual
employee
insured
risk
disability
stemming
substantial
number
mental
physical
illness
es
mental
physical
injur
ies
cal
unemp
ins
code
every
disabling
condition
however
triggers
obligation
pay
benefits
program
already
noted
example
disability
less
eight
days
duration
compensable
except
employee
hospitalized
conversely
benefits
payable
single
disability
beyond
weeks
disability
compensable
results
individual
commitment
dipsomaniac
drug
addict
sexual
psychopath
finally
unemployment
insurance
code
excludes
coverage
certain
disabilities
attributable
pregnancy
provision
issue
present
case
appellant
director
california
department
human
resources
development
responsible
administration
state
disability
insurance
program
appellees
four
women
paid
sufficient
amounts
disability
fund
eligible
benefits
program
appellees
became
pregnant
suffered
employment
disability
result
pregnancy
respect
three
appellees
carolyn
aiello
augustina
armendariz
elizabeth
johnson
disabilities
attributable
abnormal
complications
encountered
pregnancies
fourth
jacqueline
jaramillo
experienced
normal
pregnancy
sole
cause
disability
times
relevant
case
unemployment
insurance
code
provided
disability
disabled
includes
mental
physical
illness
mental
physical
injury
individual
shall
deemed
disabled
day
physical
mental
condition
unable
perform
regular
customary
work
case
shall
term
disability
disabled
include
injury
illness
caused
arising
connection
pregnancy
termination
pregnancy
period
days
thereafter
emphasis
added
shortly
district
decision
case
california
appeal
suit
brought
woman
suffered
ectopic
pregnancy
held
bar
payment
benefits
account
disability
results
medical
complications
arising
pregnancy
rentzer
unemployment
insurance
appeals
board
cal
app
cal
rptr
state
construed
statute
preclude
payment
benefits
disability
accompanying
normal
pregnancy
appellant
acquiesced
construction
issued
administrative
guidelines
exclude
payment
maternity
benefits
hospitalization
disability
benefits
normal
delivery
recuperation
although
rentzer
decided
days
district
decision
case
apparently
opportunity
call
attention
appellant
therefore
asked
reconsider
decision
light
construction
california
appeal
given
rentzer
case
divided
vote
denied
motion
reconsideration
although
definitive
ruling
surely
preferable
interpret
district
denial
appellant
motion
determination
decision
affected
limiting
construction
given
rentzer
rentzer
decision
revised
administrative
guidelines
resulted
appellees
aiello
armendariz
johnson
whose
disabilities
attributable
causes
normal
pregnancy
delivery
became
entitled
benefits
disability
insurance
program
claims
since
paid
respect
appellee
jaramillo
however
whose
disability
stemmed
solely
normal
pregnancy
childbirth
continues
bar
payment
benefits
evident
jaramillo
continues
live
controversy
appellant
validity
claims
appellees
mooted
change
rentzer
worked
construction
application
provision
thus
issue
appeal
whether
california
disability
insurance
program
invidiously
discriminates
jaramillo
others
similarly
situated
paying
insurance
benefits
disability
accompanies
normal
pregnancy
childbirth
ii
clear
california
intended
establish
benefit
system
insurance
program
function
essentially
accordance
insurance
concepts
since
program
instituted
totally
never
drawing
general
state
revenues
finance
disability
hospital
benefits
disability
fund
wholly
supported
one
percent
wages
annually
contributed
participating
employees
oral
argument
counsel
appellant
informed
us
recent
years
revenue
disability
fund
paid
disability
hospital
benefits
history
strongly
suggests
contribution
rate
addition
easily
computable
bears
close
substantial
relationship
level
benefits
payable
disability
risks
insured
program
years
california
demonstrated
strong
commitment
increase
contribution
rate
level
state
sought
provide
broadest
possible
disability
protection
affordable
employees
including
low
incomes
larger
percentage
flat
rate
contribution
impose
increasingly
regressive
levy
bearing
heavily
upon
lowest
incomes
state
resisted
attempt
change
required
contribution
level
program
thus
structured
terms
level
benefits
risks
insured
maintain
solvency
disability
fund
annual
level
contribution
ordering
state
pay
benefits
disability
accompanying
normal
pregnancy
delivery
district
acknowledged
state
contention
coverage
disabilities
extraordinarily
expensive
impossible
maintain
program
supported
employee
contributions
disabilities
included
considerable
disagreement
parties
respect
great
increased
costs
actually
clearly
substantial
purposes
analysis
district
accepted
state
estimate
excess
million
annually
stated
clear
including
disabilities
destroy
program
increased
costs
accommodated
quite
easily
making
reasonable
changes
contribution
rate
maximum
benefits
allowable
variables
affecting
solvency
program
ibid
variables
benefit
level
deemed
appropriate
compensate
employee
disability
risks
selected
insured
program
contribution
rate
chosen
maintain
solvency
program
time
permit
employees
participate
minimal
personal
sacrifice
represents
policy
determination
state
essential
issue
case
whether
equal
protection
clause
requires
policies
sacrificed
compromised
order
finance
payment
benefits
whose
disability
attributable
normal
pregnancy
delivery
agree
exclusion
disability
coverage
amounts
invidious
discrimination
equal
protection
clause
california
discriminate
respect
persons
groups
eligible
disability
insurance
protection
program
classification
challenged
case
relates
asserted
underinclusiveness
set
risks
state
selected
insure
although
california
created
program
insure
risks
employment
disability
chosen
insure
risks
decision
reflected
level
annual
contributions
exacted
participating
employees
held
consistently
equal
protection
clause
state
may
take
one
step
time
addressing
phase
problem
seems
acute
legislative
mind
legislature
may
select
one
phase
one
field
apply
remedy
neglecting
others
williamson
lee
optical
jefferson
hackney
particularly
respect
social
welfare
programs
long
line
drawn
state
rationally
supportable
courts
interpose
judgment
appropriate
stopping
point
equal
protection
clause
require
state
must
choose
attacking
every
aspect
problem
attacking
problem
dandridge
williams
district
suggested
moderate
alterations
regarded
variables
disability
insurance
program
made
accommodate
substantial
expense
required
include
normal
pregnancy
within
program
protection
said
however
respect
expensive
class
disabilities
excluded
coverage
disabilities
equal
protection
clause
thought
compel
disability
payments
normal
pregnancy
hard
perceive
also
compel
payments
disabilities
suffered
participating
employees
evident
totally
comprehensive
program
substantially
costly
present
program
inevitably
require
state
subsidy
higher
rate
employee
contribution
lower
scale
benefits
suffering
insured
disabilities
combination
measures
nothing
constitution
however
requires
state
subordinate
compromise
legitimate
interests
solely
create
comprehensive
social
insurance
program
already
state
legitimate
interest
maintaining
nature
insurance
program
similarly
interest
distributing
available
resources
way
keep
benefit
payments
adequate
level
disabilities
covered
rather
cover
disabilities
inadequately
finally
california
legitimate
concern
maintaining
contribution
rate
level
unduly
burden
participating
employees
particularly
employees
may
need
disability
insurance
policies
provide
objective
wholly
basis
state
decision
create
comprehensive
insurance
program
evidence
record
selection
risks
insured
program
worked
discriminate
definable
group
class
terms
aggregate
risk
protection
derived
group
class
program
risk
men
protected
women
likewise
risk
women
protected
men
appellee
simply
contends
although
received
insurance
protection
equivalent
provided
participating
employees
suffered
discrimination
encountered
risk
outside
program
protection
reasons
stated
hold
contention
valid
one
equal
protection
clause
fourteenth
amendment
stay
heretofore
issued
vacated
judgment
district
reversed
footnotes
cal
unemp
ins
code
provision
amended
effective
july
provide
maximum
weekly
benefit
amount
section
provides
formula
determining
whether
disabling
condition
intermittent
one
disability
one
disability
purposes
applying
limitations
maximum
amount
benefits
payable
sections
contain
various
factors
disqualify
employee
receiving
benefits
relate
matters
nature
disabling
condition
effective
july
department
human
resources
development
renamed
department
employment
development
see
cal
unemp
ins
code
et
seq
aiello
johnson
suffered
ectopic
tubal
pregnancies
respectively
required
surgery
terminate
pregnancies
armendariz
suffered
miscarriage
earlier
decision
appeal
sustained
equal
protection
challenge
female
employee
suffered
disability
result
normal
pregnancy
delivery
clark
california
employment
stabilization
cal
app
section
later
amended
new
added
order
clearly
reflect
interpretation
two
sections
provide
follows
disability
disabled
includes
mental
physical
illness
mental
physical
injury
extent
specified
section
pregnancy
individual
shall
deemed
disabled
day
physical
mental
condition
unable
perform
regular
customary
work
benefits
relating
pregnancy
shall
paid
part
accordance
following
disability
benefits
shall
paid
upon
doctor
certification
claimant
disabled
abnormal
involuntary
complication
pregnancy
including
limited
puerperal
infection
eclampsia
caesarian
section
delivery
ectopic
pregnancy
toxemia
disability
benefits
shall
paid
upon
doctor
certification
condition
possibly
arising
pregnancy
disable
claimant
without
regard
pregnancy
including
limited
anemia
diabetes
embolism
heart
disease
hypertension
phlebitis
phlebothrombosis
pyelonephritis
thrombophlebitis
vaginitis
varicose
veins
venous
thrombosis
message
state
legislature
proposing
creation
program
governor
earl
warren
stated
possible
employees
obtain
private
insurance
companies
protection
loss
wages
salary
sickness
adequately
cheaply
protection
obtained
diverting
present
per
cent
contribution
support
disability
benefits
program
california
senate
journal
section
unemployment
insurance
code
vests
governor
appellant
authority
modify
payment
benefits
increase
waiting
time
eligibility
steps
necessary
forestall
insolvency
disability
fund
neither
governor
appellant
authorized
increase
contribution
rate
circumstances
appellant
estimate
increased
cost
including
normal
pregnancy
within
insured
risks
varied
million
million
annually
increase
present
amount
benefits
paid
program
hand
appellee
contends
increased
cost
million
annually
increase
present
expenditures
said
disabilities
continuing
beyond
weeks
dissenting
opinion
contrary
case
thus
far
cry
cases
like
reed
reed
frontiero
richardson
involving
discrimination
based
upon
gender
california
insurance
program
exclude
anyone
benefit
eligibility
gender
merely
removes
one
physical
condition
pregnancy
list
compensable
disabilities
true
women
become
pregnant
follow
every
legislative
classification
concerning
pregnancy
classification
like
considered
reed
supra
frontiero
supra
normal
pregnancy
objectively
identifiable
physical
condition
unique
characteristics
absent
showing
distinctions
involving
pregnancy
mere
pretexts
designed
effect
invidious
discrimination
members
one
sex
lawmakers
constitutionally
free
include
exclude
pregnancy
coverage
legislation
reasonable
basis
respect
physical
condition
lack
identity
excluded
disability
gender
insurance
program
becomes
clear
upon
cursory
analysis
program
divides
potential
recipients
two
groups
pregnant
women
nonpregnant
persons
first
group
exclusively
female
second
includes
members
sexes
fiscal
actuarial
benefits
program
thus
accrue
members
sexes
indeed
appellant
submitted
district
data
indicated
annual
claim
rate
annual
claim
cost
greater
women
men
district
acknowledged
women
contribute
percent
total
disability
insurance
fund
receive
back
percent
fund
benefits
supp
several
amici
curiae
represented
similar
experience
private
disability
insurance
programs
justice
brennan
justice
douglas
justice
marshall
join
dissenting
relying
upon
dandridge
williams
jefferson
hackney
today
rejects
appellees
equal
protection
claim
upholds
exclusion
disabilities
coverage
california
disability
insurance
program
ground
legislative
classification
rationally
promotes
state
legitimate
interests
maintaining
nature
insurance
program
distributing
available
resources
way
keep
benefit
payments
adequate
level
disabilities
covered
maintaining
contribution
rate
level
unduly
burden
participating
employees
ante
believe
reed
reed
frontiero
richardson
mandate
stricter
standard
scrutiny
state
classification
fails
satisfy
respectfully
dissent
california
disability
insurance
program
enacted
supplement
state
unemployment
insurance
workmen
compensation
programs
providing
benefits
wage
earners
cushion
economic
effects
income
loss
medical
expenses
resulting
sickness
injury
legislature
intent
enacting
program
expressed
clearly
unemployment
insurance
code
purpose
part
compensate
part
wage
loss
sustained
individuals
unemployed
sickness
injury
reduce
minimum
suffering
caused
unemployment
resulting
therefrom
part
shall
construed
liberally
aid
declared
purpose
mitigate
evils
burdens
fall
unemployed
disabled
worker
family
despite
code
broad
goals
scope
coverage
compensation
denied
disabilities
suffered
connection
normal
pregnancy
disabilities
suffered
women
cal
unemp
ins
code
supp
disabilities
caused
pregnancy
however
like
physically
disabling
conditions
covered
code
require
medical
care
often
include
hospitalization
anesthesia
surgical
procedures
may
involve
genuine
risk
life
moreover
economic
effects
caused
disabilities
functionally
indistinguishable
effects
caused
disability
wages
lost
due
physical
inability
work
medical
expenses
incurred
delivery
child
postpartum
care
view
singling
less
favorable
treatment
disability
peculiar
women
state
created
double
standard
disability
compensation
limitation
imposed
upon
disabilities
women
workers
may
recover
men
receive
full
compensation
disabilities
suffered
including
affect
primarily
sex
prostatectomies
circumcision
hemophilia
gout
effect
one
set
rules
applied
females
another
males
dissimilar
treatment
men
women
basis
physical
characteristics
inextricably
linked
one
sex
inevitably
constitutes
sex
discrimination
conclusion
reached
equal
employment
opportunity
commission
federal
agency
charged
enforcement
title
vii
civil
rights
act
amended
equal
employment
opportunity
act
et
seq
supp
ii
prohibits
employment
discrimination
basis
sex
guidelines
issued
pursuant
title
vii
designed
prohibit
disparate
treatment
pregnancy
disabilities
employment
context
eeoc
declared
disabilities
caused
contributed
pregnancy
miscarriage
abortion
childbirth
recovery
therefrom
purposes
temporary
disabilities
treated
health
temporary
disability
insurance
sick
leave
plan
available
connection
employment
written
unwritten
employment
policies
practices
involving
matters
commencement
duration
leave
availability
extensions
accrual
seniority
benefits
privileges
reinstatement
payment
health
temporary
disability
insurance
sick
leave
plan
formal
informal
shall
applied
disability
due
pregnancy
childbirth
terms
conditions
applied
temporary
disabilities
cfr
join
apparent
retreat
continue
adhere
view
classifications
based
upon
sex
like
classifications
based
upon
race
alienage
national
origin
inherently
suspect
must
therefore
subjected
strict
judicial
scrutiny
frontiero
richardson
supra
case
state
employs
legislative
classification
distinguishes
beneficiaries
solely
reference
disability
risks
free
sustain
statute
ground
rationally
promotes
legitimate
governmental
interests
rather
suspect
classifications
sustained
state
bears
burden
demonstrating
challenged
legislation
serves
overriding
compelling
interests
achieved
either
carefully
tailored
legislative
classification
use
feasible
less
drastic
means
kahn
shevin
brennan
dissenting
state
clearly
failed
meet
burden
present
case
essence
state
justification
excluding
disabilities
caused
normal
pregnancy
disability
compensation
scheme
covering
disabilities
costly
sure
presently
funded
inclusion
normal
pregnancies
substantially
costly
present
program
ante
present
level
benefits
insured
disabilities
maintained
without
increasing
employee
contribution
rate
raising
lifting
yearly
contribution
ceiling
securing
state
subsidies
whatever
role
monetary
considerations
may
play
traditional
equal
protection
analysis
state
interest
preserving
fiscal
integrity
disability
insurance
program
simply
render
state
use
suspect
classification
constitutional
state
valid
interest
preserving
fiscal
integrity
programs
state
may
accomplish
purpose
invidious
distinctions
classes
citizens
saving
welfare
costs
justify
otherwise
invidious
classification
shapiro
thompson
thus
statutory
classification
subject
strict
judicial
scrutiny
state
must
show
denying
benefits
excluded
class
saves
money
memorial
hospital
maricopa
county
see
also
graham
richardson
moreover
california
legitimate
interest
fiscal
integrity
easily
achieved
variety
less
drastic
sexually
neutral
means
district
observed
even
using
state
estimate
cost
expanding
program
include
disabilities
however
clear
including
disabilities
destroy
program
increased
costs
accommodated
quite
easily
making
reasonable
changes
contribution
rate
maximum
benefits
allowable
variables
affecting
solvency
program
example
entire
cost
increase
estimated
defendant
met
requiring
workers
contribute
additional
amount
approximately
percent
salary
increasing
maximum
annual
contribution
supp
employee
must
contribute
one
percent
annual
wages
exceeding
total
contribution
per
year
calendar
year
thereafter
cal
unemp
ins
code
ceiling
wages
subject
contribution
rate
course
introduces
regressive
element
contribution
scheme
perhaps
recognition
fact
disability
benefits
schedule
designed
grant
proportionately
greater
benefits
poorly
paid
workers
california
deliberately
decided
classify
employees
basis
actuarial
data
thus
contribution
rate
particular
group
employees
tied
group
predicted
rate
disability
claims
supp
code
technically
excludes
coverage
individuals
commitment
dipsomania
drug
addiction
sexual
psychopathy
cal
unemp
ins
code
informed
deputy
attorney
general
california
oral
argument
commitment
disabilities
fairly
archaic
practice
unrealistic
say
constitute
valid
exclusions
tr
oral
arg
march
american
college
obstetricians
gynecologists
adopted
following
policy
statement
disabilities
pregnancy
physiological
process
pregnant
patients
however
variable
degree
disability
individual
basis
indicated
time
unable
perform
usual
activities
uncomplicated
pregnancy
disability
occurs
near
termination
pregnancy
labor
delivery
puerperium
process
labor
puerperium
disabling
usual
duration
disability
approximately
six
eight
weeks
complications
pregnancy
may
occur
give
rise
disability
examples
complications
include
toxemia
infection
hemorrhage
ectopic
pregnancy
abortion
woman
disease
disabling
may
become
disabled
addition
pregnancy
certain
patients
heart
disease
diabetes
hypertensive
cardiovascular
disease
renal
disease
systemic
conditions
may
become
disabled
pregnancy
adverse
effect
pregnancy
upon
conditions
onset
termination
cause
disability
related
pregnancy
determined
physician
brief
appellees
nearly
women
work
necessity
either
unmarried
husbands
earn
less
per
year
see
department
labor
women
bureau
women
work
rev
ed
department
labor
employment
standards
administration
myth
reality
may
moreover
recognized
kahn
shevin
data
compiled
women
bureau
department
labor
show
woman
working
full
time
median
income
median
males
figure
actually
six
points
lower
achieved
omitted
commission
carefully
scrutinized
employer
practices
crucial
impact
women
substantial
period
time
issued
guidelines
became
increasingly
apparent
systematic
pervasive
discrimination
women
frequently
found
employers
denial
employment
opportunity
benefits
women
basis
childbearing
role
performed
solely
women
brief
equal
employment
opportunity
commission
amicus
curiae
see
also
proposed
sex
discrimination
guidelines
issued
department
labor
pursuant
exec
order
virtually
adopting
eeoc
disabilities
guideline
fed
reg
proposed
cfr
however
important
remember
especially
cost
context
employee
paid
regular
pay
disabled
collect
disability
pay
therefore
follows
alleged
financial
burden
state
greatly
diminished
employers
adhere
title
vii
treat
disabilities
disabilities
allowing
women
use
accumulated
sick
leave
possibly
annual
leave
well
brief
equal
employment
opportunity
commission
amicus
curiae
similarly
eeoc
guidelines
discrimination
sex
shall
defense
title
viii
charge
sex
discrimination
benefits
cost
benefits
greater
respect
one
sex
cfr