lewis continental bank argued november decided march bank holding company act bhca allowed prohibit bank holding company owning bank defined include institution accepted demand deposits engaged commercial lending business appellee illinois bank holding company applied florida establish operate industrial savings bank isb state averring deposit relationships insured maximum extent allowed federal deposit insurance corporation fdic appellant lewis state comptroller refused process application ground two state statutes prohibited holding companies operating isbs florida appellee filed suit claiming state statutes violated commerce clause district granted summary judgment favor ordering lewis process application subsequently denied without explanation appellee motion attorney fees shortly appeals affirmed merits remanded explanation attorney fees claim denied amendments bhca expanded definition bank include banks whose deposits insured fdic lewis filed petition rehearing appeals arguing new legislation mooted controversy since appellee proposed isb deposits refusal process application authorized federal law hence immune commerce clause challenge denied petition awarded appellee attorney fees appeal remanded district calculate amount award determine whether award appropriate work done district held case rendered moot bhca amendments evidence record appellee stake case outcome application establish operate isb stake eliminated amendments application constitutes evidence appellee intended establish uninsured bank since insured fdic maximum extent allowed envisions fdic insurance merit appellee argument suit nevertheless remains justiciable dispute florida capable repetition yet evading review since florida allegedly unconstitutional action longer unconstitutional respect insured isbs reasonable expectation appellee suffer wrong moreover state refusal issue bank charter sort action reason inherently short duration opportunity remedy likely evade review see los angeles lyons pp appellee postargument ex parte affidavit averring interest opening explaining failure file updated application uninsured isb evaluated first instance since however case mootness attributable change governing legal framework since appellee may residual claim understandably asserted previously intended apply uninsured isb covered new framework case remanded consideration materials parties may submit supplement record see diffenderfer central baptist church miami pp event mooted controversy occurred appeals judgment appellee appeal stage prevailing party entitled recover attorney fees see rhodes stewart whether appellee deemed prevailing party district whether fees available commerce clause challenge must resolved courts first instance scalia delivered opinion unanimous arthur wilmarth argued cause appellant briefs eric taylor assistant attorney general florida charles stutts michael underwood albert gimbel thomas cardwell joe walters andrew gordon argued cause appellees brief bowman brown lee mackson benna ruth solomon charles rothfeld filed brief national conference state legislatures et al amici curiae urging reversal john warden michael wiseman filed brief new york clearing house association amicus curiae urging affirmance andrew frey kenneth geller andrew pincus daniel barney robert digges william busker filed brief american trucking associations amicus curiae justice scalia delivered opinion case involves illinois bank holding company challenge certain florida banking statutes alleged violate commerce clause art cl conclude case rendered moot amendments bank holding company act bank holding company act bhca stat amended bank holding company principal banking operations one state may establish acquire bank another state unless latter state statutes specifically authorize bhca thus effectively permits prevent holding companies owning banks license state discrimination applies however proposed banking subsidiary bank defined bhca stat amended banking institution qualified bank purposes bhca accepted demand deposits engaged business commercial lending amended competitive equality amendments stat bhca definition expanded include banks whose deposits insured federal deposit insurance corporation fdic see june appellee continental bank corporation bank holding company principal place business illinois filed application florida department banking finance establish operate industrial savings bank isb florida according application deposit relationships insured maximum extent allowed fdic juris statement appellant lewis comptroller state florida head department banking finance refused process application ground two florida statutes stat supp stat supp prohibited bank holding companies operating isbs florida continental thereupon filed complaint district northern district florida claiming statutes violated commerce clause art cl praying declaratory injunctive relief district granted summary judgment plaintiff holding florida statutes unconstitutionally discriminated nonresidents ordered lewis process continental application june district entered judgment state florida amended statutes prohibit chartering new isbs state whether resident nonresident enterprises stat supp lewis moved amend alter judgment pursuant rule federal rules civil procedure arguing new nondiscriminatory ban rendered validity challenged statutes moot district denied motion reasoning new statute even constitutional moot case state unconstitutional behavior capable repetition yet evading review app meanwhile continental moved award attorney fees arguing lewis enforcement statutes deprived constitutional rights violation district denied motion without explanation appeal appeals eleventh circuit affirmed merits issue though resting determination case moot different ground supervening ban new isbs unconstitutional since purpose effect denying nonresident holding companies access florida deposits appeals resolve continental claim attorney fees remanded case district explanation claim denied continental illinois lewis august shortly appeals issued opinion change law time federal level part competitive equality amendments stat congress expanded bhca definition bank new definition codified includes insured bank defined section federal deposit insurance act turn defines insured bank bank deposits insured fdic amendment bhca lewis filed petition rehearing appeals arguing new legislation mooted controversy isb continental proposed establish deposits therefore bank within coverage bhca coverage lewis argued mean florida refusal permit continental establish isb even discriminatory interstate commerce authorized federal law hence immune challenge commerce clause appeals denied petition rehearing brief opinion saying agree amendments necessarily make continental operation isb florida banking activity every instance guess parties result enactment august bhca amendments addition awarded continental attorney fees appeal without explaining basis award remanded district calculation proper award appeal well determination whether award appropriate work done district lewis appealed invoking jurisdiction ed repealed stat noted probable jurisdiction ii article iii constitution federal courts may adjudicate actual ongoing cases controversies deakins monaghan preiser newkirk invoke jurisdiction federal litigant must suffered threatened actual injury traceable defendant likely redressed favorable judicial decision allen wright valley forge christian college americans separation church state article iii denies federal courts power decide questions affect rights litigants case north carolina rice confines resolving real substantial controvers ies admitting specific relief decree conclusive character distinguished opinion advising law upon hypothetical state facts ibid quoting aetna life insurance haworth requirement subsists stages federal judicial proceedings trial appellate sustain jurisdiction present case enough dispute much alive suit filed review obtained appeals deakins supra steffel thompson parties must continue personal stake outcome lawsuit los angeles lyons quoting baker carr record us evidence continental stake outcome application establish operate isb application however pertained institution specifying deposit relationships insured maximum extent allowed fdic thus stake represented application eliminated amendments bhca make clear matter commerce clause issues suit resolved application constitutionally denied continental concedes amended bhca isb bank within bhca definition florida thus authorized congress exclude insured isbs owned nonresident holding companies exclusion virtue congressional authorization violate commerce clause continental argued quoted language application meant isb insurance insurance available none none available think insured fdic maximum extent allowed quite different insured fdic possible insured fdic maximum extent allowed envisions fdic insurance instead specifying fixed dollar amount insurance permissible level varied years see stat specifies maximum amount allowable time time application thus constitutes evidence continental intent establish uninsured bank said difference insured bank uninsured bank inconsequential expressed intention open one displays well intention open particularly time prospective depositors reading news widespread bank failures fdic insurance may well seen essential viability continental contends still claim relief complaint sought specific relief ordering lewis process original application also declaration florida statutes unconstitutional injunction enforcement future bhca amendment argues render requested relief nugatory insofar applies uninsured banks may well article iii question whether requested relief nugatory world large whether continental stake relief even order pursue declaratory injunctive claims words continental must establish specific live grievance application statutes uninsured isbs golden zwickler abstract disagreemen constitutionality application thomas union carbide agricultural products quoting abbott laboratories gardner discussed nothing record establishes continental informs us florida law remains free amend application seek uninsured rather insured isb perhaps also said every bank country free file application seeking uninsured florida isb one case mere power seek indication intent thus establish particularized concrete stake affected judgment continental challenge constitutionality florida statutes application uninsured bank neither applied expressed intent apply amounts request advice law upon hypothetical state facts aetna life insurance haworth respect contingent future events may occur anticipated indeed may occur thomas supra quoting wright miller cooper federal practice procedure continental sought supplement record argument filing affidavit officer one subsidiaries averring continental interest opening uninsured florida isb explaining failure file updated application bank circumstances present case disposed accept affidavit dispositive without providing petitioner opportunity rebuttal time continental challenge denial application insured isb mooted amendments bhca litigation progress almost seven years order vacating judgment grounds mootness deprive continental claim attorney fees assuming arguendo claim fees available party prevails winning relief seeks see rhodes stewart hewitt helms interest attorney fees course insufficient create article iii case controversy none exists merits underlying claim see diamond charles face record appears concrete interest controversy terminated reasonable caution needed sure mooted litigation pressed forward unnecessary judicial pronouncements even constitutional issues obtained solely order obtain reimbursement sunk costs reasonable caution includes think accepting conclusive ex parte affidavit party seeking fees without providing party opportunity adduce controverting facts show alleged dispute abstract feigned hypothetical sibron new york event whenever possible possible decision review federal evaluation factual contentions bearing upon article iii jurisdiction made first instance therefore decline accept continental supplementation record finally continental urges suit remains justiciable even concrete interest application statutes uninsured banks dispute florida capable repetition yet evading review contention twice wrong permitted suits prospective relief go forward despite abatement underlying injury exceptional situations los angeles lyons following two circumstances simultaneously present challenged action duration short fully litigated prior cessation expiration reasonable expectation complaining party subjected action murphy hunt per curiam quoting weinstein bradford neither requirements satisfied since florida allegedly unconstitutional action longer unconstitutional respect insured isbs reasonable expectation continental suffer wrong unless course intends establish uninsured isb appear record cf california coastal granite rock superior california riverside county state refusal issue bank charter sort action reason inherently short duration opportunity remedy likely forever evad review see burlington northern maintenance way employees injunction secondary picketing railroad labor dispute nebraska press assn stuart protective order press coverage criminal trial continental applies denied charter uninsured bank florida ample time obtain judicial review denial iii ordinary practice disposing case become moot appeal vacate judgment directions dismiss see deakins monaghan munsingwear however instances mootness attributable change legal framework governing case plaintiff may residual claim new framework understandably asserted previously practice vacate judgment remand proceedings parties may necessary amend pleadings develop record fully see diffenderfer central baptist church miami essentially situation need continental set forth interest uninsured isb apparent anyone bhca amendments passed occur case already argued submitted appeals florida petition rehearing basis amendments granted continental properly criticized supplementing record point fact however petition denied think continental negligently sleeping rights take extraordinary step seeking supplement record appellate level merely motion pending accordingly vacate judgment remand appeals consider remand district consider material may submitted parties supplementation record bearing upon continental concrete interest grant application uninsured florida isb since judgment vacated basis event mooted controversy appeals judgment issued continental stage prevailing party must recover fees see rhodes stewart whether continental deemed prevailing party district even though judgment mooted rendered losing party challenge validity appeal question difficulty see palmer chicago addressed neither decline resolve well related question whether fees available commerce clause challenge judgment vacated cause remanded proceedings appropriate consistent opinion ordered