ex parte nielsen argued decided may appeal final order district first judicial district territory utah refusing issue habeas corpus applied petitioner prayed discharged custody imprisonment judgment rendered said march judgment petitioner hans nielsen convicted crime adultery imprisoned penitentiary territory term days appeal given section revised statutes case arose upon statutes enacted congress suppression polygamy utah third section act approved march entitled act amend section hundred revised statutes reference bigamy purposes reads follows male person territory place exclusive jurisdiction hereafter cohabits one woman shall deemed guilty misdemeanor conviction thereof shall punished fine three hundred dollars imprisonment six months said punishments discretion third section act march entitled act amend act entitled act amend section hundred revised statutes reference bigamy purposes reads follows whoever commits adultery shall punished imprisonment penitentiary exceeding three years act committed married woman man unmarried parties act shall deemed guilty adultery act committed married man woman unmarried man shall deemed guilty adultery september two indictments found petitioner nielsen district one statutes first charged october continuously time till may district aforesaid said nielsen unlawfully claim live cohabit one woman wives anna lavinia nielsen caroline nielsen september pleaded guilty november following sentenced imprisoned penitentiary term three months pay fine costs second indictment charged said nielsen may district unlawfully feloniously commit adultery one caroline nielsen married man lawful wife married said caroline arraigned indictment september pleaded guilty nielsen pleaded guilty already convicted offense charged indictment plea guilty suffered penalty imposed sentence unlawful cohabitation indictment adultery came trial petitioner leave entered orally formal plea former conviction set said indictment unlawful cohabitation plea guilty thereto sentence upon said plea claimed charge unlawful cohabitation though formally made period october may yet law covered entire period october time finding indictment september thus embraced time within crime adultery charged committed averred caroline nielsen charged unlawfully cohabited wife person charged committed adultery unlawful cohabitation charged first indictment continued without intermission date finding indictment offense charged indictments one offense divisible suffered full penalty prescribed therefor plea district attorney demurred sustained demurrer petitioner convicted plea guilty sentenced imprisoned penitentiary term days sentence follows defendant counsel came defendant asked legal cause show judgment pronounced replied none sufficient cause shown appearing thereupon rendered judgment whereas said defendant hans nielsen duly convicted crime adultery therefore ordered adjudged decreed said hans nielsen imprisoned penitentiary territory utah county salt lake term one hundred days said defendant hans nielsen rendered custody marshal territory utah delivered custody warden proper officer said penitentiary said warden proper officer said penitentiary hereby commanded receive said marshal said hans nielsen convicted sentenced aforesaid said hans nielsen safely keep imprison said penitentiary term judgment ordered specified thereupon delivered custody marshal defendant next day day following term presented petition habeas corpus setting forth indictments proceedings judgments cases suffering sentence first indictment claiming jurisdiction pass judgment upon one indictments punished twice one offense stated opinion writ granted discharged custody refused application order appealed richards shellabarger wilson appellant sol jenks respondent bradley first question considered therefore whether petitioner position true convicted twice offense erred decision relief habeas corpus objection remedy habeas corpus course force regular judgment conviction questioned collaterally habeas corpus exceptions rule acted upon firmly established renders judgment jurisdiction render either proceedings law taken unconstitutional reason judgment void may questioned collaterally defendant imprisoned virtue may discharged custody habeas corpus decided cases ex parte lange wall ex parte siebold several cases referred therein case snow sup held one indictment conviction crime unlawful cohabitation act time preceding finding indictment crime continuous one single crime prosecuted second conviction punishment crime part said period excess authority part district utah habeas corpus lie discharge defendant imprisoned conviction case habeas corpus applied term subsequent judgment rendered regard circumstance sufficient prevent prisoner remedy writ true case snow laid emphasis fact double conviction offense appeared face judgment appears indictment anywhere else record judgment part sufficient present case appeared record plea autrefois convict admitted true demurrer government think sufficient laid coy sup power congress pass statute prisoner held custody may inquired writ habeas corpus affecting jurisdiction ordered imprisonment speaking justice miller adds want power appears face record condemnation whether indictment elsewhere authority issue writ bound release referring ex parte siebold present case true ground habeas corpus invalidity act congress defendant indicted second prosecution trial offense contrary express provision constitution words constitutional immunity defendant violated second trial judgment difficult see conviction punishment unconstitutional law violative person constitutional rights unconstitutional conviction punishment valid law first case true authority take cognizance case authority render judgment defendant case ex parte lange authority hear determine case held authority give judgment case snow authority case held authority give judgment prisoner protected constitutional provision securing fundamental right case mere error law case denying person constitutional right case appears record party entitled discharged imprisonment distinction case mere error law one judgment void pointed ex parte siebold illustrated case ex parte parks compared cases lange snow case parks alleged misconstruction statute held mere error law jurisdiction case cases lange snow denial invasion constitutional right party entitled habeas corpus merely without jurisdiction cause constitutional authority power condemn prisoner said chief baron gilbert passage quoted ex parte parks commitment law made one jurisdiction cause matter law man punished discharge said reference cases gone conviction sentence lord hale laid doctrine almost words hale rule prevail favorem libertatis seemed hold contrary case inadvertence law hardly stated categorical accuracy opening sentence ex parte wilson sup justice gray speaking said well settled series decisions jurisdiction criminal cases writ error appeal discharge habeas corpus person imprisoned sentence circuit district criminal case unless sentence exceeds jurisdiction authority hold sentence proposition true relates theower discharge habeas corpus persons sentenced circuit district courts regard power discharging habeas corpus generally true conviction sentence writ lies sentence exceeds jurisdiction authority hold defendant present case sentence given beyond jurisdiction express provision constitution bounds limits jurisdiction opinion therefore habeas corpus proper remedy petitioner crime adultery wsa charged included crime unlawful cohabitation convicted punished question considered revert moment case snow three crimes unlawful cohabitation charged snow three indictments crimes laid continuous year one one held constituted single crime present case two indictments one unlawful cohabitation two women may adultery one women following day may unlawful cohabitation continued may adultery part incident indictment adultery admissible conviction unlawful cohabitation second indictment unlawful cohabitation good reason first indictment covered continuous unlawful cohabitation time found case exactly snow way illustrating argument quote opinion case justice blatchford delivering opinion said offense cohabitation sense statute committed living dwelling together husband wife inherently continuous offense duration offense consisting isolated act intended sense indictments shown fact charge laid defendant day named continuously time specified cohabit one woman seven women named period aforesaid unlawfully claim live cohabit said women wives thus indictment offense laid continuing one single one time covered indictment taking three indictments together charged continuing offense entire time covered three indictments single offense committed prior time indictments found prin iple might indictment covering months imprisonment seventeen years half fines amounting even indictment covering every week prevent application penal laws rule obtained continuing offense character one case committed purposes indictment prosecution prior time prosecution instituted views established examination many authorities petitioner plea averred terms unlawful cohabitation charged first indictment continued without intermission time finding indictment covering time within adultery laid second indictment also averred two indictments found upon testimony witnesses one oath one examination alleged offense covering entire time specified indictments plea demurred prosecution demurrer sustained averments plea therefore must taken true assuming true doubted adultery charged second indictment incident part unlawful cohabitation doubt true case snow held necessary prove sexual intercourse order make case unlawful cohabitation living together man wife sufficient proof sexual intercourse merely cumulative evidence fact living together man wife decided meant unlawful cohabitation statute course includes sexual intercourse integral part adultery charged second indictment covered included first indictment conviction case first indictment terms laid unlawful cohabitation whole period preceding finding indictment conviction indictment law conviction crime continuous extending whole period including time adultery alleged committed petitioner sentence punishment underwent first indictment entire continuous crime included adultery charged convict punish also second conviction punishment offense whether acquittal effect bar second indictment different question express opinion satisfied conviction good bar wrong overruling think material part adultery charged comprised within unlawful cohabitation petitioner already convicted suffered punishment conclusion reached accord proposition laid judicial massachusetts case morey mass says justice gray conviction common seller intoxicating liquors held bar prosecution single sale liquors within time upon ground lesser offense fully proved evidence mere fact unlawfully making sale merged greater offense acquittal offense common seller like effect com jenks gray com hudson gray com mead allen proposition accords nearly views fair say decision morey com principal one relied government sustain action district utah case morey charged statute one indictment lewdly lasciviously associating cohabiting certain female married another indictment charged committing adultery person certain days within period alleged cohabitation held conviction first indictment bar second although proof acts unlawful intercourse introduced trials ground decision evidence required support two indictments said conviction acquittal upon one indictment bar subsequent conviction sentence upon another unless evidence required support conviction upon one sufficient warrant conviction upon test whether defendant already tried act whether put jeopardy offense single act may offense two statutes statute requires proof additional fact acquittal conviction either statute exempt defendant prosecution punishment page think however case distinguishable present crime loose lascivious association cohabitation necessarily imply sexual intercourse like living together man wife though strongly presumptive may seems us clear case person tried convicted crime various incidents included second time tried one incidents without twice put jeopardy offense may contended adultery incident unlawful cohabitation marriage one parties must strictly proved may answered true ingredient incident unlawful cohabitation essential principal ingredient adultery though marriage need strictly proved charge unlawful cohabitation yet well known statute aimed polygamy two wives construed requiring order obtain conviction parties live together husband wives familiar learning many cases conviction acquittal greater crime bar subsequent prosecution lesser one wharton treatise criminal law volume rule stated follows acquittal conviction greater offense bar subsequent indictment minor offense included former wherever indictment greater offense defendant convicted less instances several cases rule applies example acquittal indictment robbery burglary larceny may pleaded indictment larceny goods upon former indictment defendant might convicted larceny one indicted murder acquitted indicted manslaughter party charged crime murder committed perpetration burglary generally acquitted indictment afterwards convicted burglary violence wm vict general acquittal charge murder answer part indictment containing allegation violence acquittal seduction bar indictment fornication prosecutrix principle indictment adultery conviction fornication acquittal adultery bar prosecution fornication observed instances supposed cases acquittal order acquittal may bar subsequent indictment lesser crime seem essential conviction crime might indictment greater conviction might implied acquittal conviction less crime indictment greater includes plain acquittal might bar conviction greater crime involve lesser also bar proposition first quoted opinion morey com apply thus case state cooper law defendant first indicted convicted arson afterwards indicted murder man burnt killed fire produced arson new jersey held conviction arson bar indictment murder result arson state nutt person convicted common seller liquor held afterwards prosecuted single act selling within period said government see fit go offense common seller respondent adjudged guilty must certain sense considered merger distinct acts sale filing complaint respondent punished one offense whereas com hudson gray acquittal common seller held defendant might indicted single act selling period see bish crim law ed etc books full cases bear less upon subject discussing object simply decide case us write general treatise content addition already said simply announcing conclusion conviction petitioner crime unlawful cohabitation bar subsequent prosecution crime adultery without authority give judgment sentence latter case vacated set aside petitioner applied habeas corpus writ granted petitioner discharged judgment district reversed cause remanded directions issue habeas corpus prayed petitioner proceed thereon according law