hartford underwriters insurance union planters bank argued march decided may attempted reorganization chapter bankruptcy code debtor hen house interstate obtained workers compensation insurance petitioner hartford underwriters although hen house repeatedly failed make monthly premium payments required policy hartford continued provide insurance reorganization ultimately failed converted case chapter liquidation proceeding appointed trustee learning bankruptcy proceedings conversion recognizing estate lacked unencumbered funds pay premiums owed hartford attempted charge premiums respondent bank secured creditor pursuant bankruptcy ruled hartford district affirmed en banc eighth circuit reversed concluding invoked administrative claimant held section provide administrative claimant bankruptcy estate independent right seek payment claim property encumbered secured creditor lien pp administrative claimant petitioner proper party seek recovery provides trustee may recover property securing allowed secured claim costs expenses preserving disposing property statute appears quite plain specifying may use trustee although statutory text actually say persons trustee may seek recovery several contextual features support conclusion first situation statute authorizes specific action designates particular party empowered take surely among least appropriate presume nonexclusivity second fact sole party named trustee unique role bankruptcy proceedings makes entirely plausible congress provide power others congress intended provision broadly available simply said describing parties act sections code rejects unpersuasive petitioner arguments text use code provisions expressly restrictive language specifying parties issue means party interest excluded right nontrustee recover evidenced pp also rejects arguments based practice policy considerations petitioner advances support assertion available parties trustee questionable whether precedents relied petitioner establish bankruptcy practice sufficiently widespread well recognized justify conclusion implicit adoption congress enacting code event meaning code text clear operation unimpeded contrary prior practice also unavailing petitioner argument reading necessary matter policy since cases trustee may lack incentive pursue payment far clear relevant policy implications favor petitioner position event achieving better policy outcome petitioner urges task congress courts pp affirmed scalia delivered opinion unanimous hartford underwriters insurance company petitioner union planters bank writ certiorari appeals eighth circuit may justice scalia delivered opinion case consider whether allows administrative claimant bankruptcy estate seek payment claim property encumbered secured creditor lien case arises bankruptcy proceedings hen house interstate one time owned operated several restaurants service stations well firm september hen house filed voluntary petition chapter bankruptcy code bankruptcy eastern district missouri chapter hen house retained possession assets continued operating business respondent hen house primary time chapter petition filed held security interest essentially hen house real personal property securing indebtedness million chapter proceedings commenced agreed lend hen house additional help finance reorganization bankruptcy entered financing order approving loan agreement authorizing hen house use loan proceeds cash collateral pay expenses including workers compensation expenses attempted reorganization hen house obtained workers compensation insurance petitioner hartford underwriters unaware bankruptcy proceedings although policy required monthly premium payments hen house repeatedly failed make hartford continued provide insurance nonetheless reorganization ultimately failed january bankruptcy converted case liquidation proceeding chapter appointed trustee time conversion hen house owed hartford unpaid premiums hartford learned hen house bankruptcy proceedings conversion march recognizing estate lacked unencumbered funds pay premiums hartford attempted charge premiums respondent secured creditor filing bankruptcy application allowance administrative expense pursuant charge collateral pursuant bankruptcy ruled favor hartford district eighth circuit panel affirmed hen house interstate eighth circuit subsequently granted en banc review however reversed concluding invoked administrative claimant hen house interstate granted certiorari ii petitioner effort recover unpaid premiums involves two provisions section provides actual necessary costs expenses preserving estate including wages salaries commissions services rendered commencement case treated administrative expenses rule entitled priority prepetition unsecured claims see respondent dispute cost workers compensation insurance hen house purchased petitioner administrative expense within meaning provision administrative expenses however priority secured claims see sav assn tex timbers inwood forest associates respondent held security interest essentially estate assets unencumbered funds available pay even administrative claimants petitioner therefore looked constitutes important exception rule secured claims superior administrative claims section provides follows trustee may recover property securing allowed secured claim reasonable necessary costs expenses preserving disposing property extent benefit holder claim petitioner argued provision entitled recover property subject respondent security interest unpaid premiums owed hen house since furnishing workers compensation insurance benefited respondent allowing continued operation hen house business thereby preserving value respondent collateral alternatively benefit presumed respondent consent postpetition financing order although contested whether either theory workers compensation insurance constituted benefit holder within meaning issue us assume purposes decision consider whether petitioner administrative claimant proper party seek recovery answering question begin understanding congress says statute means means statute says connecticut nat bank germain previously noted construing another provision statute language plain sole function least disposition required text absurd enforce according terms ron pair enterprises quoting caminetti statute appears quite plain specifying may use trustee true however petitioner notes actually says trustee may seek recovery section others may question thus becomes whether proper inference trustee party empowered invoke little difficulty answering yes several contextual features support conclusion exclusivity intended first situation statute authorizes specific action designates particular party empowered take surely among least appropriate presume nonexclusivity statute names parties granted right invoke provisions parties may act singer sutherland statutory construction ed internal quotation marks omitted see also federal election national conservative political action second fact sole party named trustee unique role bankruptcy proceedings makes entirely plausible congress provide power others indeed particular parties specified read simply may recovered property securing allowed secured claim reasonable necessary costs expenses etc trustee obvious party thought empowered use provision thus far sensible view provision answering question may use provision trustee view simply answering question may trustee use provision yes argued point provision simply establish certain costs may recovered collateral say anything may recover congress intention easily used formulation suggested similarly congress intended provision broadly available simply said describing parties act sections code section example provides claim allowed unless party interest objects allows entity file request payment administrative expense broad phrasing sections contrasted use trustee supports conclusion entities trustee entitled use russello petitioner primary argument text matters section say trustee may enforce provisions brief petitioner bolster argument petitioner cites provisions bankruptcy code use expressly restrictive language specifying parties issue see nly person resides domicile place business property municipality may debtor title providing case may dismissed substantial abuse motion motion trustee request suggestion party interest petitioner argues absence restrictive language party interest excluded theory expression one thing indicates inclusion others unless exclusion made explicit contrary common sense common usage many provisions bankruptcy code contain express exclusion sensibly read extend parties interest see providing trustee notice hearing may use sell lease property estate providing trustee may incur debt behalf bankruptcy estate giving trustee power abandon property bankruptcy estate petitioner argues evidences right nontrustee recover persuaded section provides party interest may raise may appear heard issue case chapter terms inapplicable since petitioner attempt use came bankruptcy proceeding converted chapter chapter event read general provision right heard broadly allowing creditor pursue substantive remedies code provisions make available specific parties cf king collier bankruptcy rev ed general section bestow right usurp trustee role representative estate respect initiation certain types litigation belong exclusively estate iii believe far natural reading extends trustee petitioner burden persuading us section must read allow use parties exceptionally heavy patterson shumate quoting union bank wolas support proffered reading petitioner advances arguments based practice policy considerations address arguments turn section provision charge certain administrative expenses lienholders continues practice existed bankruptcy act see tyne collier bankruptcy supra found text act traced origin early cases establishing equitable principle custody property costs administering preserving property dominant charge see bronson la crosse milwaukee wall atlantic trust chapman norm recovery costs secured creditor sought trustee see textile banking widener tyne supra petitioner cites number lower cases however without meaningful discussion point parties trustee permitted pursue charges act sometimes simultaneously trustee pursuit expenses see first western savings loan assn anderson louisville storage supp wd aff sometimes independently see chapman coal rotary tire rubber petitioner also relies early decisions allowing individual claimants seek recovery secured assets see louisville wilson burnham bowen new york dock poznan wilson burnham involved equity receiverships predate bankruptcy act code replaced new york dock case arising admiralty questionable whether precedents establish bankruptcy practice sufficiently widespread well recognized justify conclusion implicit adoption code confidence allowance recovery collateral nontrustees type rule congress aware enacting code ron pair enterprises relying clearly established practice kelly robinson giving weight practice widely accepted established event practice informs understanding language code overcome language tool construction extratextual supplement applied construction provisions subject interpretation contained ambiguity text dewsnup supra meaning bankruptcy code text clear operation unimpeded contrary prior practice bfp resolution trust corporation internal quotation marks omitted see pennsylvania dept public welfare davenport ron pair enterprises supra case think language code leaves room clarification practice provided certain costs expenses recovered property securing secured claim without specifying particular party recovery pursued case akin used prior practice fill details concept code adopted without elaboration see noland looking practice interpreting code reference principles equitable subordination midlantic nat bank new jersey dept environmental protection codification trustee abandonment power held incorporate established exceptions however unelaborated concept specifically narrowed one adopted rule allowing charge costs secured assets trustee practice transform reference trustee trustee parties interest finally petitioner argues reading necessary matter policy since cases trustee may lack incentive pursue payment section must open nontrustees petitioner asserts lest secured creditors enjoy benefit services without paying moreover ensuring administrative claimants compensated may also serve purposes beyond avoidance unjust enrichment extent circumstances trustee use section although individual creditor allowing suits nontrustees encourage provision postpetition services debtors favorable terms turn bankruptcy goals although concerns may valid far clear policy implications favor petitioner position class cases lie dormant without nontrustee use limited fact trustee obliged seek recovery section whenever fiduciary duties require limiting trustee leave provide goods services benefit secured interests without means protecting creditors may insist cash payment contract directly secured creditor may able obtain superpriority security interest course postpetition creditors avoid unnecessary losses simply paying attention status accounts protection appearances petitioner neglected side ledger petitioner reading lead results seem undesirable matter policy particular expanding number parties use create possibility multiple administrative claimants seeking recovery section claim require inquiry necessity services issue degree benefit secured creditor allowing recovery sought behest parties trustee therefore impair ability bankruptcy coordinate proceedings well ability trustee manage estate indeed administrative claimants free seek recovery proceed even trustee planned see bluffton castings bkrtcy nd ind unencumbered assets scarce creditors might attempt use even though claim benefited secured creditor quite weak possibility targeted claims various administrative claimants make secured creditors less willing provide postpetition financing event sit assess relative merits different approaches various bankruptcy problems suffices natural reading text produces result announce achieving better policy outcome petitioner urges task congress courts kawaauhau geiger noland wolas considered points urged petitioner find without merit conclude provide administrative claimant independent right use section seek payment claim judgment eighth circuit affirmed ordered footnotes respondent union planters bank successor magna bank turn successor landmark bank illinois hen house originally indebted landmark bank simplicity distinguish various entities addition seeking recovery petitioner argued eighth circuit en banc entitled recover terms postpetition financing order petitioner sought enforce order federal rule bankruptcy procedure incorporates federal rule civil procedure order made favor person party action person may enforce obedience order process party eighth circuit declined address issue since raised rehearing en banc hen house interstate similarly reach issue may also use section expressly given rights powers trustee frequency circumstances arise may depend part ultimately receives recovery obtained trustee petitioner argues goes party provided services benefited collateral assuming party already compensated estate respondent argues reading like reading allows creditors use upsets code priority scheme giving administrative claimants benefit collateral effective priority others allowing example chapter administrative creditor like petitioner obtain payment via chapter administrative creditors remain unpaid despite provision chapter administrative claims priority chapter administrative claims thus respondent asserts trustee recovery simply goes estate distributed according code priority provisions since case involve trustee recovery address question related question whether trustee may use provision prior paying expenses reimbursement sought see lakeland address whether bankruptcy allow terested parties act trustee stead pursuing recovery amici american insurance association national union fire insurance draw attention practice courts allowing creditors creditors committees derivative right bring avoidance actions trustee refuses even though applicable code provisions see mention trustee see gibson group whatever validity practice analogous application since petitioner ask trustee pursue payment seek permission bankruptcy take action trustee stead petitioner asserted independent right use reject today cf xonics photochemical holding creditor right bring avoidance action independently noting might able seek bring derivative suit