mandel
bradley
argued
february
decided
june
appellees
action
challenging
constitutionality
maryland
statute
requiring
independent
candidate
statewide
federal
office
order
qualify
position
general
election
ballot
file
days
date
party
primaries
nominating
petitions
signed
least
state
registered
voters
district
warranted
holding
basis
summary
affirmance
tucker
salera
maryland
statute
early
filing
deadline
unconstitutional
burden
independent
candidate
access
ballot
rather
relying
salera
controlling
precedent
district
conducted
independent
examination
merits
constitutional
standards
set
forth
storer
brown
determining
extent
burden
imposed
independent
candidates
vacated
remanded
george
nilson
deputy
attorney
general
maryland
argued
cause
appellants
briefs
francis
burch
attorney
general
robert
zarnoch
assistant
attorney
general
jon
brown
argued
cause
filed
brief
appellees
per
curiam
candidates
statewide
federal
office
maryland
may
obtain
place
general
election
ballot
filing
state
administrative
board
election
laws
certificate
candidacy
days
political
party
primary
election
winning
primary
alternatively
provisions
maryland
election
code
candidate
statewide
federal
office
may
qualify
position
general
election
ballot
independent
filing
days
date
party
primaries
held
nominating
petitions
signed
least
state
registered
voters
certificate
candidacy
md
elec
code
ann
supp
presidential
election
years
filing
date
occurs
approximately
days
general
election
years
occurs
days
general
election
appellee
bruce
bradley
decided
spring
run
independent
candidate
senate
presidential
election
year
starting
fall
bradley
collected
signatures
nominating
petitions
requisite
number
march
deadline
filing
bradley
submitted
signatures
filed
certificate
candidacy
senate
seat
however
april
state
administrative
board
election
laws
determined
signatures
valid
denied
place
ballot
two
weeks
later
bradley
appellees
petition
signers
voter
supporters
bradley
filed
instant
suit
alleging
procedures
mandated
md
elec
code
supp
constitute
unconstitutional
infringement
associational
voting
rights
first
fourteenth
amendments
complained
maryland
early
filing
date
made
difficult
bradley
obtain
requisite
number
signatures
party
member
win
primary
sought
inter
alia
injunction
future
enforcement
offending
provision
maryland
election
procedures
district
agreed
appellees
early
filing
deadline
supp
unconstitutional
burden
independent
candidate
access
ballot
ordered
appellants
give
bradley
days
party
primaries
gather
requisite
number
signatures
based
holding
summary
affirmance
tucker
salera
supp
ed
salera
declared
unconstitutional
pennsylvania
law
setting
deadline
independent
candidate
gather
signatures
obtain
place
ballot
days
general
election
presidential
election
year
pennsylvania
law
independents
submit
signatures
largest
vote
cast
candidate
preceding
statewide
general
election
gather
required
signatures
within
period
prior
filing
deadline
declaring
pennsylvania
statute
invalid
relied
short
period
signature
gathering
thought
valid
storer
brown
solely
early
deadline
submission
necessary
signatures
found
deadline
substantially
burdened
ballot
access
independents
requiring
obtain
necessary
signatures
time
election
issues
undefined
voters
apathetic
also
rejected
various
countervailing
state
interests
urged
summarily
affirmed
judgment
salera
case
viewed
summary
affirmance
salera
controlling
precedent
proposition
early
filing
dates
employed
maryland
unconstitutionally
burdensome
independent
candidate
access
ballot
therefore
decided
favor
appellees
noted
probable
jurisdiction
district
erred
believing
affirmance
salera
adopted
reasoning
well
judgment
case
thus
required
district
conclude
early
filing
date
impermissibly
burdensome
hicks
miranda
held
lower
courts
bound
summary
actions
merits
noted
scertaining
reach
content
summary
actions
may
present
issues
real
substance
summary
affirmance
affirmance
judgment
rationale
affirmance
may
gleaned
solely
opinion
summarily
affirm
without
opinion
affirm
judgment
necessarily
reasoning
reached
unexplicated
summary
affirmance
settles
issues
parties
read
renunciation
doctrines
previously
announced
opinions
full
argument
omitted
fusari
steinberg
burger
concurring
district
ruled
legally
salera
decides
issue
us
latest
expression
bound
follow
app
jurisdictional
statement
precedential
significance
summary
action
salera
however
assessed
light
facts
case
immediately
apparent
facts
different
facts
case
addition
early
filing
date
signatures
gathered
within
period
limited
time
enormously
increased
difficulty
obtaining
number
signatures
necessary
qualify
independent
candidate
combination
early
filing
deadline
limitation
signature
gathering
sufficient
distinguish
salera
case
us
limitation
period
within
signatures
must
gathered
short
salera
mandate
result
reached
district
case
preoccupation
salera
district
failed
undertake
independent
examination
merits
appropriate
inquiry
set
storer
brown
supra
context
maryland
politics
reasonably
diligent
independent
candidate
expected
satisfy
ballot
access
requirements
rarely
unaffiliated
candidate
succeed
getting
ballot
past
experience
helpful
always
unerring
guide
one
thing
independent
candidates
qualified
regularity
quite
different
matter
note
state
mentions
one
instance
independent
candidate
qualifying
disclaims
made
comprehensive
survey
official
records
perhaps
reveal
truth
matter
application
standards
evidence
record
first
instance
task
district
therefore
vacate
judgment
remand
case
proceedings
consistent
opinion
ordered
footnotes
storer
brown
supra
district
noted
limitation
enough
invalidate
statute
clearly
recognized
limitation
combined
provisions
election
law
might
invalidate
statutory
scheme
district
case
erred
reading
storer
brown
holding
irrelevant
limited
period
time
signatures
must
gathered
appellees
filed
action
april
convened
heard
argument
may
announced
decision
may
evidence
record
years
early
deadline
effective
candidate
statewide
office
succeeded
qualifying
ballot
also
evidence
tending
substantiate
appellees
contention
existed
variety
obstacles
way
obtaining
support
independent
candidate
far
advance
general
election
without
intimating
ultimate
view
merits
appellees
challenge
doubt
sufficient
substance
warrant
remand
proceedings
district
free
remand
consider
appellees
argument
technical
administrative
requirements
petition
signing
process
unconstitutional
burden
ballot
access
question
never
reached
view
decision
appellees
bradley
ultimate
success
qualifying
ballot
justice
brennan
concurring
join
opinion
write
emphasize
treatment
rule
announced
hicks
miranda
dissent
denial
certiorari
colorado
springs
amusements
rizzo
stated
view
federal
state
courts
give
appropriate
necessarily
conclusive
weight
summary
dispositions
rather
required
held
hicks
treat
summary
dispositions
appeals
conclusive
precedents
regarding
constitutional
challenges
like
state
statutes
ordinances
relying
summary
affirmance
tucker
salera
auerbach
mandel
effectively
embraces
view
vividly
exposes
ambiguity
inherent
summary
dispositions
nature
detailed
analysis
essential
decision
made
whether
appropriate
accord
particular
summary
disposition
precedential
effect
today
judges
state
federal
systems
notice
deciding
case
authority
summary
disposition
another
case
must
examine
jurisdictional
statement
earlier
case
certain
constitutional
questions
presented
determine
judgment
fact
rests
upon
decision
questions
even
arguably
upon
alternative
nonconstitutional
ground
judgment
interpreted
deciding
constitutional
questions
unless
construction
disposition
plausible
words
today
appropriate
necessarily
conclusive
weight
given
summary
dispositions
justice
white
justice
powell
joins
concurring
although
many
indications
district
opinion
considered
tucker
salera
controlling
also
independently
invalidated
maryland
law
grounds
similar
employed
salera
event
remand
inappropriate
fairly
arguable
district
unmistakably
record
opinion
validity
maryland
law
number
brethren
view
defer
judgment
justice
stevens
dissenting
judgment
maryland
statute
unfairly
discriminates
independent
candidates
one
respect
requires
independent
make
decision
become
candidate
much
sooner
member
national
political
party
party
member
merely
required
file
certificate
candidacy
days
primary
election
procedure
simple
may
postpone
decision
day
still
satisfy
legal
requirements
candidacy
contrast
independent
must
complete
signature
gathering
process
day
preceding
primary
election
since
task
obtaining
signatures
registered
voters
inevitably
require
significant
amount
time
independent
must
make
decision
run
well
advance
filing
deadline
opinion
state
put
forward
justification
disparate
treatment
moreover
potentially
matter
great
significance
decision
become
candidate
may
prompted
sudden
unanticipated
event
great
national
local
importance
event
occur
day
primary
national
party
members
make
timely
decision
run
independents
statute
evenhanded
impact
timing
important
decision
candidate
must
make
burdens
independent
must
shoulder
heavy
enough
without
requiring
make
decision
formidable
opponents
must
basis
record
developed
district
full
argument
merits
therefore
affirm
judgment
jenness
fortson
upheld
georgia
filing
procedures
applicable
independent
candidates
seeking
place
general
election
ballot
procedures
required
independent
candidate
collect
signatures
least
number
registered
voters
last
general
election
office
question
independent
candidate
days
accomplish
task
file
completed
petitions
deadline
party
candidate
meet
thus
procedures
filing
independents
georgia
statute
similar
aspects
maryland
procedures
issue
find
place
handicap
independent
candidates
however
question
find
decisive
case
neither
raised
decided
jenness
see
thus
decision
controlling
point
kvos
associated
press
quoting
webster
fall
questions
merely
lurk
record
neither
brought
attention
ruled
upon
considered
decided
constitute
precedents
reasons
stated
edelman
jordan
regard
summary
affirmance
auerbach
mandel
controlling