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counsel
answered
yes
honor
jury
selected
magistrate
supervision
sworn
parties
met
district
judge
discuss
unresolved
pretrial
matters
neither
petitioner
counsel
raised
objection
time
point
trial
magistrate
role
jury
selection
two
significant
events
transpired
thereafter
first
jury
convicted
petitioner
counts
second
conviction
prior
sentencing
announced
gomez
holding
federal
magistrates
act
authorize
magistrates
conduct
felony
voir
dire
case
defendant
objected
appeal
petitioner
sought
raise
gomez
claim
appeals
held
consent
precluded
raising
newly
discovered
objection
magistrate
role
general
matter
course
litigant
must
raise
issues
objections
trial
see
freytag
commissioner
ante
scalia
concurring
judgment
criminal
proceedings
federal
courts
principle
embodied
federal
rule
criminal
procedure
requires
party
time
ruling
order
trial
made
sought
mak
known
action
party
desires
take
party
objection
action
grounds
therefor
rule
command
however
absolute
one
hoariest
precepts
federal
judicial
system
claim
going
jurisdiction
may
raised
point
litigation
party
see
freytag
ante
scalia
concurring
judgment
petitioner
seeks
invoke
exception
relying
statement
gomez
magistrate
lacked
jurisdiction
preside
voir
dire
case
judge
easterbrook
aptly
observed
jurisdiction
term
wey
cert
denied
used
gomez
synonym
authority
technical
sense
involving
jurisdiction
judgment
judgment
district
relevant
question
whether
jurisdiction
doubt
fact
may
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delegated
magistrate
function
performed
personally
goes
lawfulness
manner
acted
jurisdiction
act
venerable
exception
rule
inapplicable
petitioner
plainly
forfeited
right
advance
current
challenges
magistrate
role
certain
narrow
contexts
however
appellate
courts
discretion
overlook
trial
forfeiture
important
described
federal
rule
criminal
procedure
criminal
cases
appellate
may
notice
errors
defects
brought
attention
trial
plain
affec
substantial
rights
see
young
petitioner
contention
case
falls
exception
comes
admonition
rule
applies
errors
obvious
well
significantly
prejudicial
see
frady
nn
error
alleged
anything
obvious
time
case
tried
second
circuit
held
magistrate
authorized
conduct
felony
voir
dire
even
defendant
objected
see
garcia
rev
sub
nom
gomez
circuit
held
error
magistrate
conduct
voir
dire
defendant
consented
perhaps
best
indication
plain
error
course
five
justices
today
hold
error
even
error
plain
extraordinary
circumstances
exercised
discretion
consider
claims
forfeited
see
glidden
zdanok
opinion
harlan
grosso
hormel
helvering
view
course
appropriate
petitioner
principal
claims
federal
magistrates
act
allow
district
assign
felony
voir
dire
magistrate
even
defendant
consent
event
consent
ineffective
given
orally
counsel
writing
defendant
definition
claims
advanced
litigant
ordinary
rules
applied
deemed
forfeited
defendant
objects
assigned
magistrate
thus
invariably
dismissed
claims
nature
ground
forfeiture
district
courts
never
know
whether
act
authorizes
defendant
consent
refer
felony
voir
dire
magistrate
form
consent
must
take
cf
defendant
consent
magistrate
misdemeanor
trial
must
writing
given
impediments
proper
assertion
claims
believe
justified
reaching
statutory
issue
today
guide
district
courts
future
performance
duties
must
address
claims
legal
questions
require
judicial
answers
cf
valley
forge
christian
college
americans
separation
church
state
webster
doe
scalia
dissenting
simply
relevant
rules
statutes
governing
forfeiture
long
construed
recognize
limited
discretion
eminently
sensible
exercise
turning
merits
statutory
claim
general
agreement
justice
marshall
view
gomez
driven
primarily
constitutional
problems
associated
forcing
litigant
adjudicate
federal
claim
magistrate
ordinary
principles
statutory
interpretation
specifically
authorizing
magistrates
perform
duties
civil
misdemeanor
trials
specifying
manner
parties
express
consent
situations
statute
suggested
absence
authority
preside
felony
trials
unspecified
mode
consent
canon
ejusdem
generis
keeps
additional
duties
clause
swallowing
rest
statute
see
gomez
supra
therefore
conclude
respondent
fact
conceded
district
courts
authorized
federal
magistrates
act
delegate
felony
voir
dire
magistrates
reached
conclusion
need
answer
serious
difficult
constitutional
questions
raised
contrary
construction
note
however
may
persuasive
reasons
use
magistrate
circumstances
constitutional
provide
today
analysis
turns
fact
courts
control
decision
whether
extent
magistrates
used
ante
constitution
guarantees
merely
branch
forced
one
branches
let
someone
else
exercise
assigned
powers
none
branches
alienate
assigned
powers
otherwise
doctrine
unconstitutional
delegation
legislative
power
delegation
plausibly
compelled
one
branches
dead
letter
decisions
schechter
poultry
panama
refining
ryan
inexplicable
conclude
alleged
error
plain
occasion
assess
prejudicial
impact
assuming
possible
cf
gomez
arizona
fulminante