reed farley argued march decided june interstate agreement detainers iad compact among district columbia federal government provides trial prisoner transferred one participating jurisdiction another shall commence within days prisoner arrival receiving state article iv directs dismissal prejudice trial occur within time prescribed article petitioner reed transferred april federal prison indiana state custody pursuant iad detainer lodged indiana officials trial state charges originally set date days beyond iad period subsequently postponed additional days although reed many pretrial motions contained general references iad time limit specifically object trial date four days period expired trial denied reed petition discharge grounds judge previously unaware limitation reed earlier objected trial date requested speedier trial reed successfully moved continuance enable prepare defense trial conviction october reed unsuccessfully pursued appeal sought postconviction relief indiana courts petitioned federal writ habeas corpus district denied relief appeals affirmed held judgment affirmed affirmed justice ginsburg delivered opinion respect page ii parts iii final paragraph part iv concluding state failure observe iad article iv rule cognizable defendant registered objection trial date time set suffered prejudice attributable delayed commencement reed failed make requisite showing prejudice tenably maintain sixth amendment speedy trial right violated see barker wingo reed petition properly considered fundamental defect standard set forth hill reed urges hill standard applies federal prisoners state prisoners decisions recognized however least statutory violations issue mirror operative effect see davis hill controls collateral review federal statute constitution basis postconviction attack see stone powell reason afford habeas review state prisoner like reed let time clock run without alerting trial yet deny collateral review federal prisoner similarly situated pp justice ginsburg joined chief justice justice concluded part ii final paragraph part iv habeas review available check trial failure comply article iv failure qualify fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice omission inconsistent rudimentary demands fair procedure hill supra defendant obscures article iv time prescription avoids clear objection clock run unwitting judicial slip kind involved ranks similar nonconstitutional lapses cognizable postconviction proceeding see reed alert trial judge period four days period expired cause consider whether omission kind contemplated hill occur state presented timely request set trial date within iad period nonetheless refused comply article iv reservation question together iad status federal law law indiana mutes reed concern state courts might hostile federal law stake pp justice scalia joined justice thomas agreed page iii fundamental defect test hill appropriate standard evaluating alleged statutory violations concluded standard application broader principal opinion suggests class nonconstitutional procedural rights inherently necessary avoid complete miscarriage justice numbered among rudimentary demands fair procedure doubt small one null set ever technical rule limit set forth article iv interstate agreement detainers declining state obvious produces confusion violation technicality whether intentional unintentional basis federal habeas relief pp ginsburg announced judgment delivered opinion respect parts iii final paragraph part iv rehnquist scalia thomas joined opinion respect part ii final paragraph part iv rehnquist joined scalia filed opinion concurring part concurring judgment thomas joined blackmun filed dissenting opinion stevens kennedy souter joined reed farley justice ginsburg announced judgment delivered opinion respect parts iii final paragraph part iv opinion respect part ii final paragraph part iv chief justice justice join interstate agreement detainers iad app compact among district columbia federal government enables participating state gain custody prisoner incarcerated another jurisdiction order try criminal charges article iv iad provides trial transferred prisoner shall commenced within one hundred twenty days arrival prisoner receiving state good cause shown open jurisdiction matter may grant necessary reasonable continuance iad article trial occur within time prescribed charges shall dismissed prejudice petitioner case orrin scott reed transferred april federal prison indiana state custody pursuant iad request made indiana officials reed tried october reed farley year following postponements made explained presence open reed petition raises question whether state prisoner asserting violation iad article iv limitation may enforce speedy trial prescription federal habeas corpus action hold state failure observe rule iad article iv cognizable defendant registered objection trial date time set suffered prejudice attributable delayed commencement accordingly affirm judgment appeals december petitioner reed serving time terre haute indiana federal prison state indiana charged theft habitual offender status indiana authorities lodged detainer reed april took custody rule iad article iv thus instructed absent continuance reed trial commence august two pretrial conferences one june august trial judge discussed reed chose represent prosecutor number days needed trial opening date june conference set july deadline submission many threshold motions reed said wished file september trial date trial date exceeded iad article iv reed farley limit neither prosecutor reed called iad limit attention judge neither asked different trial date reed indicate preference trial time jail bond recognizance informed released federal custody two weeks september unless federal authorities revoked good days credits case paroled september app see august pretrial conference reed noted imminent release federal custody asked set bond response set bond also calendar conflict reset trial date september reed inquired witness subpoenas requested books procedure said nothing conference alert judge article iv limit express objection september trial date interspersed reed many written oral pretrial motions references iad provisions article iv see app alleging illegality transfer federal state custody without pretransfer hearing asserting failure provide hygienic care violation iad article reed refer iad prescription trial commencement three written motions filed period indeed one motions filed day august pretrial conference none reed farley three motions however reed mention article iv september trial date previously set contrast august four days period expired reed presented clear statement citation petition discharge alleged indiana failed try within days transfer state custody therefore violated article iv consequently urged iad mandated immediate release trial judge denied petition explaining today first day aware limitation detainer act made setting request moving trial forward speedy trial request filed anything nature objection trial setting urging done within guidelines set app reed farley indiana affirmed convictions reed state concerning reed objection trial commenced period specified iad article iv indiana stressed timing reed pleas reed vigorously urged august pretrial conference alleged iad violations particularly asserted right hearing advance federal transfer state custody object trial date see app relevant times reed objected june date trial set august date trial reset indiana concluded reed unsuccessfully sought postconviction relief indiana courts petitioned federal writ habeas corpus district denied petition examining record concluded significant amount delay trial attributable many motions filed reed farley reed filed reed behalf delay chargeable reed held excludable period reed clark civ nd app appeals seventh circuit affirmed reed clark preliminarily appeals recognized iad although state law also law within meaning nonetheless held collateral relief unavailable reed iad speedy trial arguments remedial contentions considered rejected indiana courts stone powell appeals concluded establishes proper framework evaluating claims iad stone held exclusionary rule devised promote police respect fourth amendment rights suspects applied collateral review unless state failed consider defendant arguments granted certiorari resolve conflict among courts appeals availability habeas review iad speedy trial claims reed farley ii state prisoner may obtain federal habeas corpus relief ground custody violation constitution laws treaties emphasis added respondent indiana initially argues iad voluntary interstate agreement la within meaning precedent however settled issue iad indeed state law law well see carchman nash case holding iad congressionally sanctioned interstate compact within compact clause art cl thus federal law subject federal construction cuyler adams congressional consent transforms interstate compact law appeals recognized iad law indiana federal statute adopting stone powell reed farley framework however held relief unavailable reed stone holds federal may consider claim evidence unconstitutional search introduced state prisoner trial prisoner opportunity full fair litigation claim state courts opinion stone concentrated nature purpose fourth amendment exclusionary rule emphasized decision confined exclusionary rule scope generally decision today concerned scope habeas corpus statute authority litigating constitutional claims generally reaffirm exclusionary rule judicially created remedy rather personal constitutional right emphasize minimal utility rule sought applied fourth amendment claims habeas corpus proceeding emphasis original reed farley stated habeas review available check violations federal laws error qualifies fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice omission inconsistent rudimentary demands fair procedure hill accord timmreck davis iad purpose providing nationally uniform means transferring prisoners jurisdictions effectuated nationally uniform interpretation see ripple dissenting denial rehearing banc therefore argument compact undermined state courts resisted steadfast enforcement total insulation review without force cf stone powell supra brennan dissenting institutional constraints preclude overseeing adequately whether state courts properly applied federal law case however gives us cause consider whether confront omission kind contemplated hill timmreck davis state presented timely request set trial date within iad period nonetheless refused comply article iv defendant obscures article iv time prescription avoids clear objection clock run cause collateral review scarcely exists unwitting judicial slip kind involved ranks nonconstitutional lapses held cognizable postconviction proceeding hill example federal prisoner sought collateral relief reed farley based trial failure sentencing afford opportunity make statement present information mitigation punishment required rule federal rules criminal procedure petitioner however sought assert rule rights time sentencing point stressed dealing case defendant affirmatively denied opportunity speak hearing sentence imposed suggested imposing sentence district judge either misinformed uninformed relevant circumstances indeed claim defendant anything say formally invited speak hen shown failure comply formal requirements rule held collateral relief available ibid left open question whether collateral relief available violation rule occurred context aggravating circumstances ibid reed farley reed case similarly lacks aggravating circumstances rendering need remedy afforded writ habeas corpus apparent hill supra quoting bowen johnston reed two clear chances alert trial judge open indeed wanted trial start august let opportunities pass pretrial hearings trial date set rescheduled june august reed failed mention limit indicated preference holding trial release federal imprisonment due occur days expired see supra day longer possible meet article iv deadline reed produced meticulously precise petition discharge see supra appeals observed reed objected trial date june august instead burying demand flood documents trial complied iad requirements appeals elaborated reed farley pretrial conference august reed presented several arguments based iad including claims federal government held hearing turning state treatment indiana fell short state obligations art reed mention fact date set trial fall outside days allowed art iv courts often require litigants flag important issues orally rather bury vital easily addressed problems reams paper reed requiring distinct objection jury instructions cf district judge may require motions made orally difficult judge advance date trial make finding record good cause either satisfied art iv subject never came however trial judge overlooked problem reed farley iii reed argues entitled habeas relief iad speedy trial provision effectuates constitutional right sixth amendment guarantee speedy trial brief petitioner accordingly maintains alleged iad violation treated constitutional violation fundamental defect satisfying hill standard mere technical error reed argument insubstantial concedes constitutional right speedy trial way violated see tr oral arg reed trial commenced days period expired suggest ability present defense prejudiced delay plausibly make claim indeed asserting need time prepare trial reed farley fair meaningful app reed requested delay beyond scheduled september opening showing prejudice required establish violation sixth amendment speedy trial clause necessary ingredient entirely missing see barker wingo four factors figure determination sixth amendment speedy trial claims one four prejudice defendant iv strenuously reed argues hill similar decisions establish standard federal prisoners seeking relief state prisoners seeking relief scarcely doubted least mere statutory violations issue intended mirror operative effect davis far suggesting hill standard inapplicable cases decisions assume hill controls collateral federal statute constitution basis postconviction attack example stone powell case recalled established rule respect nonconstitutional claims follows onconstitutional claims raised collateral review alleged error constituted fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice reed farley quoting davis quoting hill reed nevertheless suggests invoked fundamental defect standard hill timmreck sole reason far convictions obtained federal courts concerned general rule writ habeas corpus allowed service appeal sunal large emphasis added general rule however applies petitioner whether state federal prisoner failed properly raise claim direct review writ available petitioner establishes cause waiver shows actual prejudice resulting alleged violation wainwright sykes see reason afford habeas review state prisoner like reed let time clock run without alerting trial yet deny collateral review federal prisoner similarly situated see francis henderson plainly interest finality regard federal state prisoners reason give greater preclusive effect procedural defaults federal defendants similar defaults state defendants quoting kaufman see also frady reed farley collateral review procedurally defaulted claims subject cause actual prejudice standard whether claim brought state prisoner federal prisoner reed contends scope review broader state prisoners unlike federal counterparts meaningful opportunity federal consider federal claim brief petitioner concern state courts might hostile federal law stake muted two considerations first reserved question whether federal habeas review available check violations iad speedy trial prescriptions state disregards timely pleas application see supra second iad federal law law indiana appeals noted reason suppose indiana seeks undermine iad suppose seeks undermine law indiana affirmed footnotes reed posted bond corporate surety september thereupon released pretrial incarceration see app see petition relief violations filed july requesting trial held within legal guidelines iad asserting state forcing tried beyond limits set forth iad petition revision reed farley pretrial procedure relief violations filed august seeking dismissal charges referring inter alia limited time left trial within laws petition subpoena depositions upon oral examination production documentary evidence filed august requesting action soon possible due approaching trial date detainer act time limits app specifically reed wrote petitioner detained contrary indiana law procedure article trial shall commenced within one hundred twenty days arrival prisoner receiving state prosecutor response pointed article iv permits necessary reasonable continuance reed objected time trial set date app also expressed confusion effect rule relationship time limit prescribed different iad provision see infra iad speedy trial provision article iii requires prisoner detainer lodged tried within days prosecuting state receipt prisoner notice requesting speedy disposition charges fex michigan seventh circuit rationale one several approaches taken courts appeals addressing availability habeas review violations articles iv iii courts denied relief without regard whether petitioner alerted trial iad speedy trial provisions category decisions state iad speedy trial claims never cognizable iad speedy trial violations constitute fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice hill see reilly warden fci petersburg per curiam fasano reed farley hall courts applying hill standard said available failure meet iad speedy trial specifications unless petitioner shows actual prejudice see seymore alabama kerr finkbeiner still courts reached merits iad speedy trial contentions raised habeas actions see birdwell skeen affirming district grant writ state failed comply iad article iii spite petitioner repeated request compliance rule cody morris remanding district resolution factual dispute whether habeas petitioner tried within article iv limit ex rel esola groomes remanding district determination whether state trial granted continuance good cause pursuant article iv see also kimmelman morrison stone bar habeas review claim ineffective assistance counsel based counsel failure file timely suppression motion rose mitchell refusing extend stone equal protection claim racial discrimination selection state grand jury foreman jackson virginia stone bar habeas review due process claim insufficiency evidence supporting conviction text relevant part set infra contrast defendant ford aff sub nom mauro made timely vigorous protests several continuances yet tried months article iv period expired reed trial occurred within months period expiration see infra article provides relevant part event action indictment information complaint basis detainer lodged brought trial within period provided article iii article iv hereof appropriate jurisdiction indictment information complaint pending shall enter order dismissing prejudice detainer based thereon shall cease force effect appeals noted indiana put reed trial within days transfer federal prison everything proceeded reed contend vital evidence fell prosecutor hands slipped fingers august september section provides pertinent part prisoner custody sentence established act congress claiming right released upon ground sentence imposed violation constitution laws may move imposed sentence vacate set aside correct sentence see also addonizio reiterated hill standard governs habeas review claims federal statutory error citing stone nless claim alleges lack jurisdiction constitutional error scope collateral attack remained far limited stone powell held error law provide basis collateral attack unless claimed error constituted fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice quoting hill reed farley join opinion except part ii last paragraph part iv incorporates analysis part ii thus agree fundamental defect test hill appropriate standard evaluating alleged statutory violations see ante disagree seems part ii parsimonious application standard long applied equitable limitations narrow broad sweep federal habeas jurisdiction see withrow williams slip scalia concurring part dissenting part one class limitations consists substantive restrictions upon type claim entertained hill example holds claim federal statutory violation reviewed unless alleges fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice reed farley omission inconsistent rudimentary demands fair procedure statutory violations least occur context aggravating circumstances simply important enough invoke extraordinary habeas jurisdiction see also timmreck although justice ginsburg concludes violation interstate agreement detainers act iad app fundamental defect inherently results complete miscarriage justice omission inconsistent rudimentary demands fair procedure declines decide whether judgment altered state presented timely request set trial date within iad period nonetheless refused comply article iv ante avoid latter question conducts analysis petitioner waived iad rights see ante issue thus avoided constitutional one avoiding answer obvious may invite misunderstanding hill test class procedural rights guaranteed constitution includes due process clauses nonetheless inherently necessary avoid complete miscarriage justice numbered among rudimentary demands fair procedure doubt small one indeed null set guarantee trial within days interjurisdictional transfer unless good cause shown provision application prisoners involved single jurisdiction incarcerated one two participate voluntary iad compact simply among select class statutory rights hill timmreck reservation question whether habeas available context reed farley aggravating circumstances seems clearly reference circumstances cause additional prejudice defendant thereby elevating error fundamental defect denial rudimentary procedural requirements reference circumstances make trial judge behavior willful egregious thus think wrong suggest petitioner waived iad speedy trial rights failing assert timely fashion aggravating circumstances might exist see ante says effect aggravating circumstances entitle mere statutory violation habeas review may consist mere fact statutory violation waived surely sucks life hill accept justice ginsburg suggestion interest uniform interpretation iad might counsel favor habeas review nonwaiver situation see ante see reason direct review state federal decisions suffice purpose contexts cf cuyler adams importantly however federal habeas jurisdiction created intent seek give effect altering fundamental disposition individual federal district judges appellate jurisdiction federal questions courts reed farley ever technical rule iad limit one think produce confusion declining state obvious violation technicality intentional unintentional neither produces analogous lack jurisdiction convicting constitutional violation miscarriage justice denial rudimentary procedures basis federal habeas relief ii addition substantive limitations equitable exercise habeas jurisdiction imposed procedural restrictions example habeas claim cognizable correlative federal prisoners constitutional claim heard procedurally defaulted absent showing cause actual prejudice see frady claims ordinarily entertained already rejected direct review see kaufman see also withrow slip scalia concurring part dissenting part collecting cases showing lower courts uniformly followed kaufman dictum together two rules mean prior opportunity full fair litigation normally dispositive federal prisoner habeas claim ibid although procedural limitation raised defense present case note view least mere statutory violations issue prior opportunity full fair litigation precludes state prisoner petition less federal prisoner petition today reaffirms intended mirror operative effect ante quoting davis reed farley cf frady otherwise prisoner like petitioner transferred federal state prison iad three chances raise claim state direct state habeas prisoner transferred state federal prison iad one since present petitioner raised iad claim direct appeal indiana courts state habeas review federal habeas claim rejected ground writ ordinarily used readjudicate fully litigated statutory claims many courts including indiana evaluating petitioner claim see reed state ind held prisoner waiver limit prevent violation iad preclude remedy dismissal prejudice see odom perhaps therefore justice ginsburg effort decide jurisdictional issue narrow ground possible caused decide merits reed farley justice blackmun justice stevens justice kennedy justice souter join dissenting federal habeas corpus statute allows state prisoner challenge conviction ground custody violation constitution laws treaties acknowledges must interstate agreement detainers iad la statute see carchman nash cuyler adams addition respondent concedes defendant tried clear violation iad limit held custody violation law tr oral arg nevertheless appears conclude violation iad simply serious enough warrant collateral relief least defendant fails invoke iad rights according precise rules announces first time today purports resolve case relying precedent already place ante referring principles precedent generally controlling availability great writ ante precedent face reach nearly far reed farley extension case unwarranted general habeas corpus principles seriously disregards congress unambiguous judgment severity necessary remedy violation iad time limits respectfully dissent purports resolve issue relying line cases see hill davis timmreck see also sunal large frady despite professed narrowness ultimate holding however decision reflects certain assumptions nature habeas review state judgments withstand close analysis cases relied majority hill timmreck davis concerned federal prisoner request collateral relief alleged defects federal trial today never applied precedents bar review petition without full discussion appreciation different policy concerns shape exercise federal courts discretion cases stray remarks opinions suggesting treated equivalents indications contrary reed farley see withrow williams scalia concurring part dissenting part event sound reasons refrain treating two identical primary among importance providing federal forum review state prisoners federal claims order ensure enforcement federal rights also promote uniformity state courts interpretation application federal law recognized frady federal prisoner unlike state counterparts already opportunity present federal claims federal trial appellate forums federal prisoner claiming statutory violations habeas courts serve less guarantee uniformity federal law satisfy threshold need federal forum provide backstop catch correct certain nonconstitutional errors evaded reed farley trial appellate courts thus determined trial appellate say federal prisoner claim may open determine prisoner entitled relief kaufman citation omitted hill timmreck relief may limited correction fundamental defects omission inconsistent rudimentary demands fair procedure hill hill principle short error egregious habeas need cover ground already covered federal courts state prisoner contrast primary purpose provide federal forum review state prisoner claimed violations federal law claims necessity addressed state courts see brown allen opinion frankfurter collateral review necessary permit federal last say respect questions federal law vasquez hillery requiring exhaustion federal claims state courts thus motions anticipate federal undertake independent review work state courts even federal claim fully fairly litigated wright west concurring judgment affirming state determination federal law mixed questions federal law fact entitled de novo review federal habeas even recognize valid reasons limiting reed farley review claims serious substantial error federal previously addressed petitioner federal claims less reason sift claims fine screen hill timmreck provide similarly prudential justifications hill fundamental error standard may differ state federal proceedings federal trial appeal virtually procedural error however minor violate law context impracticable unnecessary allow collateral review claims error particularly since defendant opportunity raise appeal federal forum hardly surprising therefore screening device sorts substantial errors mere technical violations developed state trial contrast implicates federal laws outside constitution extraordinary occasions congress consider federal law important warrant application state proceedings alone counsels approach reed farley determine whether violation law warrants federal review enforcement difference roles federal statutes play state federal criminal proceedings points another danger attendant uncritical application hill standard hill read disfavor habeas review federal statutory violations class see concurring opinion ante reading hill proposition ost statutory violations simply important enough invoke extraordinary habeas jurisdiction distinction statutory constitutional violations reed farley exaggerated even context even less justification language permits state prisoner seek relief violation constitution laws treaties terms applies equally claims statutory reed farley constitutional violations construing similar language permits civil actions state actors deprivation rights privileges immunities secured constitution laws concluded phrase laws used means says maine thiboutot refusing construe laws limited civil rights equal protection laws hague cio include rights privileges immunities secured laws well constitution section enacted contemporaneously shares common purpose making federal courts available uniform interpretation enforcement federal rights state settings reason read placing statutes par constitution read largely indifferent violations statutes moreover least today never held properly preserved claim violation federal statute treated differently proceeding claim violation constitution reason congress decision apply federal statute state criminal proceedings ordinarily exclusive province state legislatures generally read reflect congressional determination important national interests stake congress made determination federal courts open ensure uniform enforcement interpretation interests clear distinction drawn fundamental errors omission kind contemplated hill timmreck davis ante simply support distinction constitutional statutory violations reed farley ii even putting aside misgivings general extension hill proceedings specific believe insurmountable obstacle applying standard violations iad concluding unwitting judicial slip kind ranks nonconstitutional lapses held cognizable ante hill timmreck majority overlooks congress determination seriousness slip consequences congress spoke unmistakable clarity prescribed time limits trying prisoner whose custody obtained iad remedy violation limits article iv iad provides trial transferred prisoner shall commenced within one hundred twenty days arrival receiving jurisdiction iad equally clear consequences failure bring defendant trial within prescribed time limits article event action indictment information complaint basis detainer lodged brought trial within period provided article iii article iv hereof appropriate jurisdiction reed farley indictment information complaint pending shall enter order dismissing prejudice detainer based thereon shall cease force effect first congressional imposition drastic sanction dismissal forecloses argument violation iad time limits somehow mere technical violation trivial warrant habeas review dismissal prejudice criminal charges remedy rarely seen criminal law even constitutional violations see barker wingo violation sixth amendment speedy trial right oregon kennedy violation double jeopardy clause fact countless constitutional violations habeas review allowed dismissal required however might assessed fundamentality violation iad time limits absence sanction congressional directive leave us free determine violating iad time limits serious failure comply technical requirements timmreck supra formal requirements hill surely violation congress found troubling enough warrant severe remedy dismissal become trivial simply defendant utter later determines magic words magic moment particularly absence congressional requirement defendant either invoke right timely trial reed farley object setting untimely trial date absence suggestion reed procedurally defaulted iad claim deprive relief direct review curious say least deny habeas relief based largely sort standard default standard unwarranted knowledge unprecedented cf davis finding difficult conceptualize application one waiver rule purposes federal appeal another purposes federal habeas corpus second congress clear mandate remedy dismissal read constrain equitable supervisory powers determine appropriate remedy either direct review habeas nothing case law even suggests congress mandated remedy violation federal law habeas free cast different remedy remedy prescribed statute must remedy law justice require words prerogative writ habeas reed farley corpus exercised accord express legislative command see iad art ix directing courts enforce agreement detainers cooperate party enforcing agreement effectuating purpose least drastic remedy dismissal saves iad falling hill fundamentality line sum faithful reading iad state trial required dismiss prejudice charges reed trial commence within days transfer indiana state custody faced state courts failure impose remedy federal habeas done iii final word order emphasis reed conduct suggestion relief might order reed objected relevant moments one reading majority opinion concludes reed failure make oral objections pretrial hearings somehow mitigates seriousness failure bring trial within iad time limits words majority suggests nature violation concurring opinion ante reduces level error one habeas concern already explained statute permit denigrate significance violation also possible however read majority opinion relying theory waiver procedural default theory equally untenable particularly due consideration given language iad also reed repeated attempts invoke protections iad require dismissal violation limit reed farley upon motion defendant much less upon defendant timely oral objection setting trial date instead statute unambiguously directs courts dismiss charges time limits breached arguably puts responsibility courts police applicable time limits reasonable choice congress make judges prosecutors players expected know iad straightforward requirements make simple time calculation outset proceedings transferred defendant indeed case trial prosecutor constructive notice iad time limits fulton county circuit signed certified request temporary custody transmitted action accordance terms provisions agreement detainers app emphasis added state request stated propose bring person trial information within time period specified article iv iad even assuming however defendant must invoke iad time limits order obtain protections reed clearly mauro agreed defendant failure invoke iad specific terms speedy trial motions district result waiver claim government violated iad emphasis added concluded instead prosecution notice substance inmate iad claims persistently requested given speedy trial sought dismissal indictment ground delay bringing trial detainer lodged causing denied certain privileges state prison reed less reed farley may first appearance reed appearing without counsel informed halfway house detainer app acknowledged world difference halfway house fulton county jail later observed reed incarceration rendered incapable preparing defense june pretrial conference reed asked prefer future motions orally writing responded want writing read better listen see also noting preference written motions conforming request reed filed motion july requesting trial held within legal guidelines agreement detainers clarifying concerns reed complained state indiana forcing tried beyond limits set forth agreement detainer act specifically request ed extensions time granted beyond guidelines ibid pro se motion filed days period expired three days later reed filed motion stating limited time left trial within laws pro se motion filed days iad clock ran finally august filed motion subpoenas sought prompt relief detainer act time limits approaching pro se motion filed days iad time limit expired thus instructed wanted motions writing reed filed three timely written motions indicating desire tried within iad time limits indiana concluded reed july motion constituted general demand trial held within time limits reed farley iad mauro enough put notice demands even original matter trial instructs pro se defendant put motions writing defendant three times wholly unwarranted penalize failing object orally later singles magic moment majority notes ante cited hill stone powell case decision case however rested hill considerations unique exclusionary rule relies instance remark davis intended mirror operative effect ante quoting davis reed farley statement however parry suggestion federal prisoners unlike state prisoners restricted bringing claims constitutional dimension grounded statutes ibid davis addressing threshold statutory basis relief specifically whether relief available federal prisoners violations laws said nothing equitable considerations might guide exercise discretion grant deny relief words davis concerned jurisdictional prudential limits habeas review see withrow williams scalia concurring part dissenting part sweeping breadth habeas jurisdiction tempered restraints accompany exercise equitable discretion practical matter direct review state decisions adequately ensure uniformity see withrow williams scalia concurring part dissenting part course federal forum theoretically available writ certiorari quite obviously however mode review generally applied due practical limitations citation omitted fact requires prisoner file motion imposed sentence step criminal case separate civil action advisory note rule governing section proceedings justice scalia proposes foreclose review federal reed farley nonconstitutional claims state prisoner afforded full fair opportunity litigate claims state proposal fails obvious reasons hold full fair litigation state courts substitute federal forum borrow phrase suc life see ante concurring opinion heart federal review state decisions federal law one notable exception see stone powell uniformly rejected full fair opportunity litigate bar review see withrow williams supra kimmelman morrison rose mitchell jackson virginia see also wright west concurring judgment disputing full fair hearing state courts required deferential review habeas additional reason question application fundamental error miscarriage justice standard reed claim hill timmreck federal prisoner bypassed available federal appeal endorsed rule sunal large collateral attack service appeal see hill finding apposite reasoning sunal ise judicial administration federal courts counseled permitting collateral attack supplant appeals timmreck seeing basis allowing collateral attack service appeal quoting sunal see also davis noting congress provided regular orderly method correction errors granting appeal circuit appeals vesting us certiorari jurisdiction defendants permitted bypass orderly method rror deemed sufficiently adequate warrant appeal acquire new implications quoting sunal thus standard appears based part principles default habeas jurisprudence subsequently imposed procedural default bar cases wainwright sykes bar applied reed hill timmreck read proposition least nonconstitutional violations simply important enough warrant habeas relief hill example federal prisoner appeal conviction permitted obtain collateral relief based sentencing failure comply formal requirements commands every defendant allowed make statement sentenced similarly timmreck held federal prisoner appeal validity guilty plea obtain collateral relief technical violation requires ask defendant represented attorney whether wishes say anything behalf cases also read narrowly relying habeas petitioner default direct review see supra encompassing violations procedural rules even read establish line important merely technical violations line identical line statutory constitutional violations made point clear davis support prior holdings proposition claim cognizable merely grounded laws rather constitution true course sunal large held nonconstitutional claim case asserted set aside conviction collateral attack sunal merely example general rule writ habeas corpus allowed service appeal thus sunal read stand broad proposition nonconstitutional claims never asserted collateral attacks upon criminal convictions rather implication seem absent particular considerations regarded dispositive case fact contention grounded constitution laws preclude assertion proceeding command subject two qualifications first article iv provides good cause shown open prisoner counsel present jurisdiction matter may grant necessary reasonable continuance second article vi provides determining duration expiration dates time periods provided articles iii iv agreement running said time periods shall tolled whenever long prisoner unable stand trial determined jurisdiction matter majority relies neither qualification indiana state courts sunal hill timmreck defendant took appeal federal conviction provide support standard none cases presents situation defendant conduct sufficient present preserve issue appeal found somehow wanting habeas purposes mccarthy timmreck contrary mccarthy looked language purposes fed rule crim proc lower courts varying responses noncompliance requiring exercise supervisory powers relief rule violations raised direct review timmreck denied relief collateral review comparable rule violation part mccarthy defendant challenged direct appeal cases course remedy violation left requiring relief direct review habeas differing disregarding congressional directive referring clarity reed august motion seeking discharge indictment suggests deliberately obscured request clock run ante fails mention however reed prepared earlier motions without counsel without adequate access legal materials august pretrial conference ordered sheriff provide reed access legal materials app august reed given two law books including one indiana criminal procedure thereafter draftsmanship improved page