illinois
rodriguez
argued
march
decided
june
respondent
arrested
apartment
charged
possession
illegal
drugs
police
observed
plain
view
seized
officers
arrest
search
warrant
gained
entry
apartment
assistance
gail
fischer
represented
apartment
clothes
furniture
unlocked
door
key
gave
officers
permission
enter
trial
granted
respondent
motion
suppress
seized
evidence
holding
time
consented
entry
fischer
common
authority
moved
apartment
also
rejected
state
contention
even
fischer
common
authority
fourth
amendment
violation
police
reasonably
believed
time
entry
possessed
authority
consent
appellate
illinois
affirmed
held
record
demonstrates
state
satisfied
burden
proving
fischer
joint
access
control
purposes
respondent
apartment
required
matlock
establish
common
authority
pp
warrantless
entry
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upon
consent
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party
police
time
entry
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believe
possess
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authority
premises
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pp
appellate
opinion
contain
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statement
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ground
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review
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michigan
long
respondent
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amendment
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search
house
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occur
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agents
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party
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california
reconciled
pp
remand
appellate
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whether
police
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fischer
authority
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entry
respondent
apartment
scalia
delivered
opinion
rehnquist
white
blackmun
kennedy
joined
marshall
filed
dissenting
opinion
brennan
stevens
joined
post
joseph
claps
first
assistant
attorney
general
illinois
argued
cause
petitioner
briefs
neil
hartigan
attorney
general
robert
ruiz
solicitor
general
terence
madsen
assistant
attorney
general
cecil
partee
renee
goldfarb
theodore
fotios
burtzos
michael
dreeben
argued
cause
amicus
curiae
urging
reversal
brief
solicitor
general
starr
assistant
attorney
general
dennis
deputy
solicitor
general
bryson
james
reilly
argued
cause
respondent
brief
christine
curran
dianne
ruthman
rick
halprin
briefs
amici
curiae
urging
reversal
filed
state
california
john
van
de
kamp
attorney
general
richard
iglehart
chief
assistant
attorney
general
john
sugiyama
senior
assistant
attorney
general
ronald
matthias
clifford
thompson
deputy
attorneys
general
americans
effective
law
enforcement
et
al
gregory
evans
daniel
hales
george
webster
joseph
morris
jack
yelverton
fred
inbau
wayne
schmidt
bernard
farber
james
manak
benjamin
waxman
jeffrey
wiener
filed
brief
national
association
criminal
defense
lawyers
amicus
curiae
urging
affirmance
justice
scalia
delivered
opinion
matlock
reaffirmed
warrantless
entry
search
law
enforcement
officers
violate
fourth
amendment
proscription
unreasonable
searches
seizures
officers
obtained
consent
third
party
possesses
common
authority
premises
present
case
presents
issue
expressly
reserved
matlock
see
whether
warrantless
entry
valid
based
upon
consent
third
party
police
time
entry
reasonably
believe
possess
common
authority
premises
fact
respondent
edward
rodriguez
arrested
apartment
law
enforcement
officers
charged
possession
illegal
drugs
police
gained
entry
apartment
consent
assistance
gail
fischer
lived
respondent
several
months
relevant
facts
leading
arrest
follows
july
police
summoned
residence
dorothy
jackson
south
wolcott
chicago
met
jackson
daughter
gail
fischer
showed
signs
severe
beating
told
officers
assaulted
respondent
edward
rodriguez
earlier
day
apartment
south
california
fischer
stated
rodriguez
asleep
apartment
consented
travel
police
order
unlock
door
key
officers
enter
arrest
conversation
fischer
several
times
referred
apartment
south
california
apartment
said
clothes
furniture
unclear
whether
indicated
currently
lived
apartment
used
live
police
officers
drove
apartment
south
california
accompanied
fischer
obtain
arrest
warrant
rodriguez
seek
search
warrant
apartment
apartment
fischer
unlocked
door
key
gave
officers
permission
enter
moved
door
living
room
observed
plain
view
drug
paraphernalia
containers
filled
white
powder
believed
correctly
later
analysis
showed
cocaine
proceeded
bedroom
found
rodriguez
asleep
discovered
additional
containers
white
powder
two
open
attache
cases
officers
arrested
rodriguez
seized
drugs
related
paraphernalia
rodriguez
charged
possession
controlled
substance
intent
deliver
moved
suppress
evidence
seized
time
arrest
claiming
fischer
vacated
apartment
several
weeks
earlier
authority
consent
entry
cook
county
circuit
granted
motion
holding
time
consented
entry
fischer
common
authority
apartment
concluded
fischer
usual
resident
rather
infrequent
visitor
apartment
south
california
based
upon
findings
fischer
name
lease
contribute
rent
allowed
invite
others
apartment
access
apartment
respondent
away
moved
possessions
apartment
circuit
also
rejected
state
contention
even
fischer
possess
common
authority
premises
fourth
amendment
violation
police
reasonably
believed
time
entry
fischer
possessed
authority
consent
appellate
illinois
affirmed
circuit
respects
illinois
denied
state
petition
leave
appeal
granted
certiorari
ii
fourth
amendment
generally
prohibits
warrantless
entry
person
home
whether
make
arrest
search
specific
objects
payton
new
york
johnson
prohibition
apply
however
situations
voluntary
consent
obtained
either
individual
whose
property
searched
see
schneckloth
bustamonte
third
party
possesses
common
authority
premises
see
matlock
supra
state
illinois
contends
exception
applies
present
case
stated
matlock
supra
ommon
authority
rests
mutual
use
property
persons
generally
joint
access
control
purposes
burden
establishing
common
authority
rests
upon
state
basis
record
clear
burden
sustained
evidence
showed
although
fischer
two
small
children
lived
rodriguez
beginning
december
moved
july
almost
month
search
issue
gone
live
mother
took
children
clothing
though
leaving
behind
furniture
household
effects
period
july
sometimes
spent
night
rodriguez
apartment
never
invited
friends
never
went
home
name
lease
contribute
rent
key
apartment
said
trial
taken
without
rodriguez
knowledge
though
testified
preliminary
hearing
rodriguez
given
key
facts
state
established
respect
south
california
apartment
fischer
joint
access
control
purposes
contrary
appellate
determination
common
authority
apartment
obviously
correct
iii
state
contends
even
fischer
fact
authority
give
consent
suffices
validate
entry
law
enforcement
officers
reasonably
believed
reaching
merits
contention
must
consider
jurisdictional
objection
decision
rests
adequate
independent
state
ground
respondent
asserts
illinois
constitution
provides
greater
protection
afforded
fourth
amendment
appellate
relied
upon
determined
reasonable
belief
police
officers
insufficient
decision
clearly
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state
law
adequate
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decision
michigan
long
state
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fairly
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law
require
contain
plain
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rests
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decided
case
way
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plain
statement
decision
rests
state
law
opinion
rely
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specific
provision
illinois
constitution
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constitution
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illinois
cases
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fourteenth
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illinois
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mere
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dorothy
jackson
summoned
police
officers
house
report
daughter
gail
fischer
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told
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ed
rodriguez
boyfriend
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interview
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officers
asked
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respond
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agree
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apartment
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battery
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warrant
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agrees
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ante
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