arthur calderon warden thomas thompson argued december decided april held courts appeals inherent power recall mandates subject review abuse discretion hawaii housing authority midkiff ehnquist chambers power last resort held reserve grave unforeseen circumstances ninth circuit recall decision rests doubtful grounds even en banc process somehow malfunctioned compounded error delaying action four months alleged misunderstandings occurred promptness acts correct mistakes evidence adequacy grounds reopening case two days scheduled execution recalled judgment state mention placed heavy reliance answer assert delayed action interests comity considered state interest resolving thompson fourth habeas petition vital interests california executive branch pp recall consistent letter antiterrorism effective death penalty act aedpa sets limits successive federal habeas applications since specific recitation acted exclusive basis thompson first federal petition disproved consideration matters presented later filing deemed acted first rather successive application although aedpa terms govern case appeals must exercise discretion manner consistent objects statute habeas case must guided general principles underlying habeas jurisprudence pp recall grave abuse discretion pp profound societal costs attend exercise habeas jurisdiction smith murray make necessary impose significant limits federal courts discretion grant habeas relief limits reflect enduring respect state interest finality convictions survived direct review brecht abrahamson finality essential criminal law retributive deterrent functions enhances quality judging also serves preserve federal balance state power pass laws means little state enforce mccleskey zant state finality interests compelling federal appeals issues mandate denying federal habeas relief assurance real finality state execute moral judgment victims crime move forward knowing moral judgment carried unsettling expectations inflicts profound injury powerful legitimate interest punishing guilty herrera collins onnor concurring interest shared state crime victims alike circumstances prisoner already extensive review claims federal state courts absence strong showing actual innocence state interests actual finality outweigh prisoner interest obtaining yet another opportunity review pp unless acts avoid miscarriage justice defined habeas jurisprudence federal appeals abuses discretion sua sponte recalls mandate revisit merits earlier decision denying habeas relief state prisoner standard altogether consistent aedpa central concern merits concluded criminal proceedings revisited absence strong actual innocence showing rules applicable cases recalls mandate ensure practice limited rare extraordinary case moreover like applicable habeas standards rule objective content well defined case law familiar federal courts mccleskey pp miscarriage justice standard met case standard concerned actual compared legal innocence sawyer whitley credible claim must based reliable evidence presented trial schlup delo petitioner asserting actual innocence underlying crime must show likely reasonable juror convicted light new evidence presented habeas petition capital petitioner challenging death sentence particular must show clear convincing evidence reasonable juror found eligible death penalty light new evidence sawyer supra thompson claims fail either standard record first federal habeas petition governs actual innocence claim presents little evidence undermine trial evidence prosecution presented ample evidence showing committed rape inconsistencies devastating neither additional evidence presented impeach credibility two jailhouse informants pathologist testimony disputing opinions prosecution trial witnesses meets likely showing necessary vacate rape conviction much less clear convincing showing necessary vacate death sentence basis miscarriage justice finding pp reversed remanded kennedy delivered opinion rehnquist scalia thomas joined souter filed dissenting opinion stevens ginsburg breyer joined notice opinion subject formal revision publication preliminary print reports readers requested notify reporter decisions washington typographical formal errors order corrections may made preliminary print goes press arthur calderon warden petitioner thomas thompson writ certiorari appeals ninth circuit april justice kennedy delivered opinion thomas thompson convicted california state rape murder ginger fleischli years crime years thompson conviction years thompson filed first petition federal habeas relief appeals ninth circuit issued mandate denying writ habeas corpus two days thompson scheduled execution however appeals sitting en banc recalled mandate granted habeas relief thompson case presents two issues first whether appeals order recalling mandate violated supp amended antiterrorism effective death penalty act aedpa pub stat second whether order abuse discretion recall mandate controlled precise terms aedpa save order hold grave abuse discretion thompson met old victim ginger fleischli summer fleischli shared laguna beach studio apartment david leitch intermittent sexual relationship august year fleischli moved thompson moved fleischli took residence tracy leitch former wife david leitch september fleischli tracy leitch encountered thompson david leitch pizza parlor fleischli told tracy leitch afraid thompson might kill left alone group later went bar together david tracy leitch soon departed afshin kashani joined thompson fleischli drinking smoking hashish thompson trio went second bar walking thompson apartment around fleischli gone nearby liquor store buy soda thompson told kashani wanted sexual intercourse fleischli night assured kashani however kashani fleischli thompson david leitch left thailand smuggle refugees drugs back app fleischli returned apartment kashani began walking truck seems left local bar way kashani realized forgotten cigarettes returned apartment thompson met door thompson appeared nervous made kashani wait outside thompson retrieved cigarettes returning truck kashani looked fleischli nearby liquor store finding went home tracy leitch visited thompson apartment morning september asking fleischli lying thompson said left sandpiper inn kashani night party evening tracy leitch asked thompson fleischli response thompson described fleischli past tense saying liked next day tracy leitch filed missing person report local police department september police found fleischli body buried field miles apartment shared thompson david leitch body wrapped rope well sleeping bag blanket taken apartment fleischli head wrapped duct tape two towels sheet jacket stabbed five times head near right ear body bruised ankles palms left wrist right wrist crushed fleischli shirt bra cut middle pulled elbows restraining arms exposing breasts unbuttoned jeans underwear shoes socks vaginal swab revealed semen consistent thompson blood type police found two footprints near body one smooth one wavy pattern matching shoe worn david leitch fibers blanket around body identical fibers found trunk david leitch car rope around body smeared paint car trunk fibers matched carpet apartment stained fleischli blood around day police found body thompson david leitch went mexico leitch returned mexican authorities arrested thompson september handcuffs questioned police return thompson claimed fleischli left apartment kashani night murder also said fleischli stabbed head though information yet made public claimed sex fleischli later asserted engaged consensual sex next recount lengthy procedural history case november orange county superior jury convicted thompson murder forcible rape fleischli jury made special finding homicide ginger lorraine fleischli intentional killing personally committed defendant thomas martin thompson cal jury found special circumstance murder commission rape making thompson eligible death penalty penalty phase proceedings jury unanimous recommending capital sentence trial judge imposed later trial different jury found david leitch guilty murder role fleischli slaying april california unanimously affirmed thompson rape murder convictions jury finding rape special circumstance also affirmed thompson death sentence two seven justices dissenting dissenters concurred affirmance murder rape convictions rape special circumstance asserted jury sentencing recommendation influenced improper manner evidence thompson solicited murder david leitch id thompson petitioned rehearing denied june thompson also filed petition certiorari denied thompson filed first state habeas petition california denied march thomp son filed federal habeas petition january district held thompson petition abeyance thompson pursued unexhausted claims state january california denied thompson second state habeas petition february california denied thompson third state habeas petition november district central district california held evidentiary hearing claims raised thompson federal habeas petition order dated march district granted habeas relief rape conviction rape special circumstance denied relief murder conviction district view thompson trial attorney rendered ineffective assistance counsel rape charge district cited two failings attorney first held counsel failed contest certain conclusions offered state forensic expert trial second determined counsel impeached credibility two jailhouse informants greater extent district view failings prejudiced thompson rule strickland washington granted relief rape special circumstance district ruled thompson death sentence invalid murder conviction district rejected thompson claim prejudiced thompson alleged inconsistencies prosecution theories trial later trial david leitch read transcripts trials found trials differed mainly emphasis app timing later federal proceedings critical issues resolve june unanimous panel appeals reversed district grant habeas relief rape con viction rape special circumstance affirmed denial habeas relief murder conviction reinstated thompson death sentence noting state presented strong evidence rape thompson trial held irrespective whether performance thompson counsel deficient manner thompson alleged thompson demonstrate prejudice strickland august thompson filed petition rehearing suggestion rehearing en banc circulated active judge see appeals ninth circuit general orders order dated march original panel denied petition rejected suggestion observing full advised suggestion rehearing en banc judge active service requested vote rehear matter en banc app order panel reissued opinion case minor changes thompson filed petition certiorari denied june appeals issued mandate denying habeas relief thompson case june response state california scheduled thompson execution august thompson filed fourth state habeas petition july alleged david leitch stated parole hearing witnessed thompson fleischli engaged appeared consensual intercourse night fleischli murder california denied petition july july thompson filed motion appeals recall mandate denying habeas relief following day thompson filed motion district relief judgment pursuant federal rule civil procedure support motions thompson cited leitch alleged statement seen thompson fleischli engaged consensual sex district denied thompson rule motion july construed motion successive petition amended aedpa ruling thompson must permitted utilize rule motion make around requirements aedpa app observed alleged new statement leitch conflicted thompson account specifics encounter fleischli physical evidence case previous stories told leitch thus held thompson certainly make requisite showing actually innocent execution miscarriage justice id appeals denied thompson motion recall mandate july two days later however full voted consider en banc whether recall earlier mandate consider whether panel decision result fundamental miscarriage justice scheduled oral argument question august four days thompson scheduled execution meanwhile july governor california held hearing whether grant clemency thompson addition arguments presented thompson attorneys hearing governor reviewed materials submitted thompson behalf petition letters signed supporters clemency submissions orange county district attorney letters trial judge concerning clemency opinions thompson case materials recommendation provided board prison terms app brief criminal justice legal foundation amicus curiae decision governor pete wilson comprehensive decision dated july governor found thompson ha remotely approached making showing innocence rape murder governor agreed view judge presided thompson trial absolute tragedy travesty justice even seriously consider clemency case ibid internal quotation marks omitted clemency denied two days thompson executed divided en banc panel appeals recalled mandate june action came days mandate issued almost full year thompson filed suggestion rehearing en banc appeals asserted recall mandate basis thompson later motion recall sua sponte basis claims evidence presented thompson first federal habeas petition thus said recall mandate predicated new evidence claims thompson raises motion recall mandate stated considered whether recall mandate sooner chosen wait conclusion thompson state proceedings taking action presented two bases recalling earlier mandate first asserted absent certain procedural misunderstandings within called en banc review underlying decision issuing mandate denying relief procedural misunderstandings included mishandled law clerk transition one judge chambers failure another judge notice original panel issued opinion case kozinski dissenting second en banc asserted decision original panel lead miscarriage justice recalled mandate thompson case en banc went address merits first federal habeas petition held thompson trial counsel provided ineffective assistance rape charge rape special circumstance defendant prejudice plurality granted habeas relief additional ground inconsistent theories prosecution trial later trial david leitch majority made effort determine whether thompson actually innocent rape murder fleischli nonetheless affirmed district grant writ rape conviction rape special circumstance vacated thompson death sentence remand ed question murder conviction district initial consideration light vacatur rape conviction thus almost years fleischli murder ninth circuit directed district enter partial writ unless state elects retry thompson within reasonable time ibid four judges dissented judge hall argued majority decision allowed thompson evade aedpa restrictions successive petitions judge kozinski detailed circumstances led majority find en banc process malfunctioned asserted contrary majority conclusion en banc process operated supposed third dissenting opinion judge kleinfeld recited detail evidence thompson guilt rape within hours appeals order recalling mandate state california filed second petition writ mandamus construed petition certiorari granted petition reverse ii although justices expressed doubt point see ohio power harlan dissenting courts appeals recognized inherent power recall mandates subject review abuse discretion hawaii housing authority midkiff rehnquist chambers see also glass light profound interests repose attaching mandate appeals however power exercised extraordinary circumstances wright miller cooper federal practice procedure ed sparing use power demonstrates one last resort held reserve grave unforeseen contingencies en banc majority asserted extraordinary circumstances justified order recalling mandate thompson case ut procedural misunderstandings judges en banc call made voted upon ordinary time noted earlier original panel issued decision denying habeas relief june thompson filed petition rehearing suggestion rehearing en banc august january panel notified full intention reject suggestion kozinski dissenting panel reissued earlier opinion minor revisions march march order panel also denied thompson petition rehearing rejected suggestion rehearing en banc panel observed although full advised thompson suggestion judge active service requested vote rehear case en banc within time specified general orders ninth circuit app appears judge kozinski opinion following events also transpired march offpanel judge wrote panel requesting opportunity make belated call vote rehear case en banc judge stated panel decision circulated shortly law clerk transition judge chambers old new law clerks assigned case failed communicate dissenting opinion another judge seconded request asked panel january notice intention reject suggestion rehearing en banc circulated miss ibid author panel opinion denied request belated en banc call explaining requesting judges notified two months earlier panel intention reject thompson suggestion circulated every active judge august panel stayed issuance mandate pending thompson petition certiorari review denied thompson petition june appeals issued mandate june according en banc majority sua sponte request consider en banc whether recall mandate made shortly thereafter even mandate spread district interests comity however delayed action california denied thompson fourth state petition habeas relief ibid august days thompson scheduled ninth circuit voted recall mandate measured even standards general application appeals decision recall mandate rests doubtful grounds mishandled law clerk transition one judge chambers failure another judge notice action proposed original panel constitute slightest bases setting aside deep rooted policy favor repose judgments glass supra especially true consequence oversights failure two judges contribute views determination given full consideration merits panel even ninth circuit en banc process somehow open question see kozinski dissenting process operated supposed compounded error delayed action four months alleged misunderstandings took place promptness acts correct mistakes evidence adequacy grounds reopening case case two judges first revealed oversights full march point two judges remained free request full vote suspend time limits voting rehear case en banc see ninth circuit general orders chose instead waiting another four months make effect identical request appeals practical purposes lay wait acted petition certiorari state scheduled firm execution date thompson governor conducted exhaustive clemency review two days thompson scheduled executed came forward recall judgment state mention placed heavy reliance answer appeals assert delayed action interests comity comity limited judicial branch state government case executive branch california government took extensive action reliance mandate denying relief thompson rather focus california interest considering thompson fourth predicted meritless state habeas petition appeals considered well vital interests california executive branch rarest cases negligence two judges expressing views sufficient grounds frustrate interests state million persons enforcing final judgment favor even case implicating ordinary concerns finality grave doubts actions taken appeals iii thompson ordinary case however seeks relief criminal judgment entered state decide whether appeals order recalling mandate proper circumstances measure standards general application also statutory jurisprudential limits applicable habeas corpus cases california argues appeals recall mandate barred supp amended aedpa section provides claim presented second successive habeas corpus application section presented prior application shall dismissed subsection provides claim presented second successive application section presented prior application shall dismissed unless narrow exception applies immediate question whether appeals recalled mandate basis second successive application habeas relief case prisoner motion recall mandate basis merits underlying decision regarded second successive application purposes otherwise petitioners evade bar relitigation claims presented prior application bar litigation claims presented prior application grants motion action subject aedpa irrespective whether motion based old claims case apply new ones case apply textual matter applies acts pursuant prisoner application carries implications cases motion recall mandate pending instead recalls mandate initiative whether cases subject depends underlying basis action recalling mandate considers new claims evidence presented successive application habeas relief proper regard action based application cases applies irrespective whether characterizes action sua sponte thompson case however appeals specific reciting acted exclusive basis thompson first federal habeas petition characterization action sua sponte course prove point considered claims evidence presented thompson later filings action based successive application subject thompson case recitation acted exclusive basis first federal petition disproved consideration matters presented later filing thus deem acted first application rather successive one result order recalling mandate contravene letter aedpa although terms aedpa govern case appeals must exercise discretion manner consistent objects statute habeas case moreover must guided general principles underlying habeas corpus jurisprudence consider principles applied case light profound societal costs attend exercise habeas jurisdiction smith murray found necessary impose significant limits discretion federal courts grant habeas relief see mccleskey zant limiting district discretion entertain abusive petitions wainwright sykes limiting courts discretion entertain procedurally defaulted claims teague lane plurality opinion limiting courts discretion give retroactive application new rules habeas cases brecht abrahamson limiting courts discretion grant habeas relief basis trial error limits reflect enduring respect state interest finality convictions survived direct review within state system accord wood bartholomew per curiam sawyer whitley keeney mccleskey supra teague supra murray carrier engle isaac finality essential retributive deterrent functions criminal law neither innocence punishment vindicated final judgment known mccleskey supra without finality criminal law deprived much deterrent effect teague supra finality also enhances quality judging perhaps nothing subversive judge sense responsibility inner subjective conscientiousness essential part difficult subtle art judging well indiscriminate acceptance notion shots always called someone else bator finality criminal law federal habeas corpus state prisoners harv rev finality serves well preserve federal balance federal habeas review state convictions frustrates sovereign power punish offenders attempts honor constitutional rights murray carrier supra quoting engle supra federal system recognizes independent power state articulate societal norms criminal law power state pass laws means little state enforce mccleskey state interests finality compelling federal appeals issues mandate denying federal habeas relief point likelihood borne years significant costs federal habeas review state entitled assurance finality lengthy federal proceedings run course mandate denying relief issued finality acquires added moral dimension assurance real finality state execute moral judgment case real finality victims crime move forward knowing moral judgment carried see generally payne tennessee unsettle expectations inflict profound injury powerful legitimate interest punishing guilty herrera collins concurring interest shared state victims crime alike case well illustrates extraordinary costs associated federal appeals recall mandate denying federal habeas relief july vindicate laws enacted legislature state california jury convicted thompson rape murder recommended executed trial judge imposed sentence death california affirmed thompson sentence four occasions refused disturb collateral attack comprehensive public decision governor determined sentence relying upon mandate denying habeas relief thompson state california invoked entire legal moral authority support executing judgment yet almost years state federal review thompson conviction sentence almost one year thompson filed petition rehearing suggestion rehearing en banc full days issuance mandate denying relief mere two days thompson scheduled executed ninth circuit recalled mandate granted writ habeas corpus costs imposed actions severe imposed federal habeas review clear circumstances address case deal recall mandate correct mere clerical errors judgment similar described federal rule criminal procedure federal rule civil procedure state little interest based reliance grounds preserving mandate accordance actual decision rendered also case fraud upon calling question legitimacy judgment see glass hart case mandate stayed federal rule appellate procedure pending disposition suggestion rehearing en banc rather concerned cases appeals recalls mandate revisit merits earlier decision denying habeas relief cases state interests finality paramount without regard whether appeals predicates recall procedural misunderstanding irregularity occurring prior decision prisoner already extensive review claims federal state courts absence strong showing actua innocen ce murray carrier supra state interests actual finality outweigh prisoner interest obtaining yet another opportunity review based considerations hold general rule federal appeals sua sponte recalls mandate revisit merits earlier decision denying habeas corpus relief state prisoner abuses discretion unless acts avoid miscarriage justice defined habeas corpus jurisprudence rule accommodates need allow courts remedy actual injustice recognizing point state must allowed exercise power punish offenders mccleskey supra quoting murray carrier supra standard comports values purposes underlying aedpa although act govern case see supra provisions certainly inform consideration whether appeals abused discretion felker turpin section statute grounded respect finality criminal judgments exception claims based new rules constitutional law made ret roactive see federal consider claim presented second successive application prisoner shows among things facts underlying claim establish innocence clear convincing evidence see true miscarriage justice standard adopt today somewhat lenient standard see factual predicate claim must discover able previously exercise due diligence miscarriage justice standard altogether consistent however aedpa central concern merits concluded criminal proceedings revisited absence strong showing actual innocence course rules applicable cases recalls mandate see supra ensure practice limited rare extraordinary case like standards applicable habeas cases moreover miscarriage justice standard objective content case law familiar federal courts mccleskey supra indeed standard ninth circuit determined apply voting consider en banc whether recall mandate thompson case see app order july full voted consider whether recall mandate consider whether panel decision result fundamental miscarriage justice hence standard also sound workable means channeling discretion federal habeas courts mccleskey supra quoting murray carrier supra determine whether standard met thompson case miscarriage justice exception concerned actual compared legal innocence sawyer often emphasized narrow scope exception accord harris reed concurring narrow exception case credible claim actual innocence must based reliable evidence presented trial schlup delo given rarity evidence virtually every case allegation actual innocence summarily rejected ibid although demanding cases precise scope miscarriage justice exception depends nature challenge brought habeas petitioner petitioner asserts actual innocence underlying crime must show likely reasonable juror convicted light new evidence presented habeas petition hand capital petitioner challenges death sentence particular must show clear convincing evidence reasonable juror found eligible death penalty light new evidence sawyer supra sawyer standard broader application first apparent explained schlup capital petitioner challenges underlying capital murder conviction basis element function essentially sentence enhancer sawyer clear convincing standard applies claim schlup supra thus extent capital petitioner claims kill victim schlup likely standard applies extent capital petitioner contests special circumstances rendering eligible death penalty sawyer clear convincing standard applies irrespective whether special circumstances elements offense capital murder mere sentencing enhancers claim like thompson present difficulty concerning whether apply schlup sawyer thompson makes appreciable effort assert innocence fleischli murder instead challenges first rape conviction second jury finding special circumstance rape former challenge subject schlup likely standard latter challenge subject sawyer clear convincing standard theory possible vacate thompson conviction rape let stand conviction murder sentence death anomaly perhaps reflects tension sawyer schlup anomaly need detain us however thompson claims fail either standard trial prosecution presented ample evidence show thompson committed rape vaginal swab fleischli body revealed semen consistent thompson blood type app addition extensive evidence restraint consistent rape robert richards pathologist performed autopsy fleischli testified prosecution trial stated near time death fleischli suffered crushing injury right wrist surrounding bruising id deputy darryl coder years law enforcement officer seen hundreds handcuff injuries testified injury fleischli right wrist consistent injuries caused handcuffs pair thompson possession arrested mexico id richards testified fleischli bruises ankles palms left elbow left wrist caused near time death id record fleischli shirt bra cut middle pulled elbows exposing breasts restraining arms app fleischli mouth gagged duct tape record record evidence rape judge kleinfeld noted dissent fleischli murdered thompson fate frequent among rape victims friendly sex partners two jailhouse informants though discredited substantial extent trial testified thompson confessed rape well murder district observed moreover thompson testimony devastating defense app contrary emphatic advice trial counsel thompson chose testify result accounts disaster claim rape murder fleischli prosecution got thompson admit lied police arrest denied sex fleischli also admitted lied police fleischli whereabouts night murder telling left apartment kashani asked lie thompson replied kashani seemed likely candidate anybody time record presented recent perhaps fantastic account events night murder thompson testified consensual sex fleischli fell asleep remained asleep six feet away someone else stabbed fleischli five times head wrapped head body duct tape two towels sheet jacket sleeping bag rope moved body apartment scrubbed carpet remove blood district found thompson testimony riddled inconsistencies outright falsehoods app district stated thompson testimony doubt affected jury verdict point beyond dispute since thompson lied almost every material aspect case jury good reason believe lied whether sex consensual thompson presents little evidence undermine evidence presented trial en banc based decision claims evidence presented thompson first petition federal habeas relief considered additional evidence claims presented thompson motion recall mandate course decision subject see supra hence record thompson first federal habeas petition govern whether demonstrated actual innocence rape evidence thompson petition falls two categories first thompson presented additional evidence impeach credibility fink del frate jailhouse informants testified thompson confessed rape murder case fink thompson presented additional evidence fink history informant law enforcement favors fink thompson also presented statements law enforcement officials effect fink unreliable witness case del frate thompson presented evidence law enforcement officials certain members del frate family regarded del frate dishonest del frate shared jail cell david leitch prior meeting thompson del frate statements police tracked newspaper accounts crime del frate neglected mention trial prior convictions grand theft distribution hallucinogens without license impeachment evidence provides basis finding miscarriage justice sawyer evidence step removed evidence pertaining crime tends impeach credibility fink del frate find matters probability altered outcome thompson trial assume first little evidence rape apart informant testimony second jury accepted informants testimony without reservation former assumption belied evidence recited latter one belied substantial impeachment evidence thompson attorney introduce regard fink thompson trial counsel presented following evidence fink four prior felony convictions spent total years prison time trial used heroin frequent basis years preceding trial including period gave statement police lied identity matter routine acted informant numerous occasions including one occasion informed another inmate gain protective custody prison requested received transfer another penal facility exchange statement thompson admitted unable explain criminals confessed frequency regard del frate thompson trial counsel presented following evidence del frate served time second degree murder credit card forgery time trial del frate faced felony charges ohio california del frate admitted claiming another murderer confessed period thompson confessed also admitted changing account thompson confession numerous times given trial evidence impeaching informant disrespect jury thompson case find presented still impeachment evidence reached different verdict support first federal habeas petition thompson also presented opinions irving root pathologist testified thompson behalf evidentiary hearing federal district root disputed certain opinions offered richards deputy coder trial first root disagreed deputy coder conclusion crushing injury fleischli left wrist caused handcuffs root stated injury unlike handcuff injuries seen corpses tr however offer alternative explanation injury might caused second root disputed richards conclusions regarding bruises fleischli body root opined bruises fleischli ankles left wrist caused least hours death stated bruises fleischli palms result lividity settling blood gravity death third root noted infrequent sperm vaginal swab fleischli body root suggested finding result low sperm count male douching drainage intercourse ibid suggested evidence case ruled possibility drainage however opine whether low sperm count douching probable remaining possibilities finally root summarized testimony agreeing remarkably little way trauma decedent body root testimony provides occasion disturbing findings jury thompson case testimony crushing injury fleischli wrist caused handcuffs far compelling given deputy coder extensive experience handcuff injuries albeit living persons root failure offer alternative explanation crushing injury might occurred testimony bruises fleischli body caused well death plausible unlike richards however root based conclusions examination body review record richards examination see improbable moreover fleischli walking bruises body without witness noticed condition days hours thompson murdered infrequent sperm vaginal swab root suggested cause might low sperm count male possibility consistent rape finally root assessment overall trauma body large extent consistent richards testimony trial instance richards testified evidence vaginal tearing bruising fleischli case though indicated root dispute evidence majority rape cases record root acknowledged conclusion remarkably little trauma fleischli body lifted verbatim richards autopsy report fleischli case tr say reasonable juror convicted thompson rape presented root testimony ignore totality evidence thompson guilt conclusion thompson evidence meet likely showing necessary vacate conviction rape much less clear convincing showing necessary vacate sentence death judgment state california result miscarriage justice appeals abused discretion holding contrary judgment appeals reversed case remanded instructions reinstate june mandate denying habeas relief thompson ordered arthur calderon warden petitioner thomas thompson writ certiorari appeals ninth circuit april justice souter justice stevens justice ginsburg justice breyer join dissenting like majority accept representation appeals acting sua sponte decision recall previous mandate august position supported record july panel denied respondent motion recall mandate effort seek whatever advantage might obtain newly discovered evidence en banc rehearing ultimately granted considered nothing beyond record presented respondent first habeas corpus proceeding even assumption appeals acted interest integrity appellate process however timing actions matter regret indicated chose initiate consideration recall sua sponte shortly denied certiorari review appeals first judgment june cert denied chose take immediate action interest comity state federal systems appeals accordingly refrained acting merits state courts adjudicated fourth state postconviction claim governor california undertaken comprehensive review case denied clemency state scheduled respondent execution consequence concern comity motivated came look like hope state decisionmaker somehow obviate federal need advertise mistakes take corrective action unfortunate appeals timing may ground majority reverses judgment entered en banc rehearing rejecting conclusion en banc applies new erroneous standard review recall mandate respectfully dissent mistaken conclusion like majority begin longstanding view authority recall mandate order correct error inherent judicial power ante citing hawaii housing authority midkiff rehnquist chambers hazelatlas glass co subject review abuse discretion ante although occasion discuss abuse standard applied actions appeals distinct trial reason suppose criterion affected merely appellate exercised discretionary power act first instance true course variety subjects left discretionary decision requires caution synthesizing abuse discretion cases see friendly indiscretion discretion emory rosenberg judicial discretion trial viewed syracuse rev least however one say high degree deference exercising discretionary authority hallmark review general electric joiner slip national hockey league metropolitan hockey club per curiam thus case one deference may accorded reasonable selection factors relevant exercise discretion since determination recall one criteria decision become standardized see criden weighing factors light particular facts see lawson avnet childress davis federal standards review said discretionary calls review applies differently context facts factors many times actual level deference boils one similar used clearly erroneous rule general proposition abuse discretion deference closer clear error test jury review test irrationality cf citizens preserve overton park volpe explaining standard review requires agencies make choices arbitrary capricious abuse discretion otherwise accordance law make th finding required must consider whether decision based consideration relevant factors whether clear error obligation deference underscored fact reason recall consider en banc rehearing matter administration courts appeals careful avoid intrusion see western pacific railroad case factors underlying action appeals case wholly appropriate stated justification exercise extreme care counter malfunction procedural mechanisms result otherwise might well constitutionally erroneous imposition death penalty indeed serious question raised validity considerations goes legitimacy employing en banc rehearings correct panel error application settled law see kozinski dissenting however true en banc rehearing process effectively function review every panel arguably goes astray particular case surely nonetheless reasonable resort en banc correction may necessary avoid constitutional error standing life sentence execution axiomatic devote error correction yet death cases exercise discretionary review purpose may warranted see kyles whitley stevens concurring sure lurks background faint specters overuse misuse recall power agree power recall mandate must reserved exceptional circumstances wright miller cooper federal practice procedure citing cases various courts appeals recognizing power must used sparingly interests stable adjudication judicial administrative efficiency growing caseloads place growing premium agree sua sponte recall mandates condoned mechanism frustrate limitations second successive habeas petitions see reason suppose sua sponte recall overused abused either respect might well see use unreasonable given case simply deter resort many cases matters stand reason fears reason circumscribe appeals response otherwise legitimate concerns history show us optimistic every occasion revisit issue going legitimacy appeals concerns reasonableness invoking facts need mention two points first arises question whether administrative mistakes chambers two judges seen causing saw threatened miscarriage justice permitting execution someone ineligible death two failures vote en banc review cause miscarriage vote review otherwise unanimous least math anyone ever sat bench judges knows judges supposed influence one may see something others see take another look reasonable en banc believe two judges mistakenly failed vote en banc rehearing misunderstandings well affected result remaining bar application appeals policies facts case said en banc mistaken thinking panel committed error reversed trial conclusion ineffective assistance counsel rape case prejudicial within meaning strickland washington whether en banc majority correct question law fact issue issue abuse discretion review simply whether voting recall mandate allow en banc review reasonably thought earlier panel mistaken conclusions district suffice answer yes question see thompson calderon civ cd mar reprinted app ultimate merit either answer underlying question touchstone abuse discretion review see national hockey league abuse discretion review relevant question whether reviewing reached result review abuse merits underlying case question whether prejudice found record case warranting review majority course adhere terminology abuse discretion reversing ninth circuit abuse discretion informed amendments habeas corpus statute enacted certain provisions aedpa pub stat ante see felker turpin formed abuse discretion standard beyond recognition aside reformulation unwarranted terms terms aedpa aedpa thought counsel review recalls mandates anything traditional abuse discretion standard unexplained anything majority opinion majority like accepts appeals position covertly allowing respondent litigate second habeas petition majority assumes ninth circuit acting motion recall mandate order allow reconsideration first habeas petition ante assumptions aedpa application issue us nothing aedpa speaks courts appeals inherent power recall mandate long power mandates abused enable prisoners litigate otherwise forbidden second successive habeas petitions see aedpa violated policies embodied aedpa served today novelty section provides claim raised second successive petition presented prior application shall dismissed suppose claim en banc review bear analogy anything covered aedpa previously raised claim covered subsection since claim reviewed en banc actual claim previously reviewed panel yet majority draw analogy dismiss basis subsection provides second successive petition raises claim previously presented shall dismissed unless based new retroactive rule constitutional law based previously undiscoverable evidence show clear convincing degree reasonable factfinder convicted considering evidence constitutional error majority fails draw analogy reconsideration claim sua sponte recall thought resemble claim mentioned subsection majority presumably require today fact majority goes call showing actual innocence sufficient relief earlier cases ante yet realizes standard dealing innocence underlying offense requires clear convincing proof ante see schlup delo satisfied demonstration innocence evidence presented trial ante even discovered let alone discoverable unknown far back whatever policy pursuing policy aedpa justification apparent particular case else said simply face recall occasioned administrative inadvertence awkwardly corrected appellate process may left unfortunate impressions neither want finesse aedpa warrant majority decision jettison flexible abuse discretion standard sake solving systemic problem exist footnotes ninth circuit seems recognize motion recall mandate filed petitioner subsequent previous request federal habeas relief analogous second successive petition subject constraints antiterrorism effective death penalty act aedpa see sumner abuse discretion review likelihood miscarriage justice analogous abuse discretion review rule sanctions frivolous filings context held reviewing courts defer district courts conclusions substantial legal justification cooter gell hartmarx present circumstances subject review abuse discretion appellate conclusion threatened miscarriage justice sufficient justify recalling mandate believe similarly must give deference appeals preliminary analysis may misapplication legal standard even though defer addressing ultimate question merits whether trial committed legal error