idaho wright argued april decided june respondent wright charged idaho law two counts lewd conduct minor specifically daughters trial agreed younger daughter capable communicating jury however admitted idaho residual hearsay exception certain statements made pediatrician extensive experience child abuse cases doctor testified reluctantly answered questions abuse spontaneously volunteered information sister abuse wright convicted counts appealed conviction involving younger child state reversed finding admission doctor testimony residual hearsay exception violated wright rights confrontation clause noted child statements fall within traditional hearsay exception lacked particularized guarantees trustworthiness doctor conducted interview without procedural safeguards failed videotape interview asked leading questions preconceived idea child disclosing error found harmless beyond reasonable doubt held admission child hearsay statements violated wright confrontation clause rights pp incriminating statements admissible exception hearsay rule admissible confrontation clause unless prosecution produces demonstrates unavailability declarant whose statement wishes use unless statement bears adequate indicia reliability reliability requirement met statement either falls within firmly rooted hearsay exception supported showing particularized guarantees trustworthiness ohio roberts although presumed child unavailable within meaning clause evidence barred unless reliability requirement met pp idaho residual hearsay exception firmly rooted hearsay exception confrontation clause purposes accommodates ad hoc instances statements otherwise falling within recognized hearsay exception might sufficiently reliable admissible trial thus share tradition reliability supporting admissibility statements firmly rooted hearsay exception rule otherwise require virtually codified hearsay exceptions found assume constitutional stature something declined california green pp determining particularized guarantees trustworthiness shown state erred placing dispositive weight lack procedural safeguards interview since safeguards may many instances inappropriate unnecessary determination whether given statement sufficiently trustworthy confrontation clause purposes rather trustworthiness guarantees must shown totality circumstances surround making statement render declarant particularly worthy belief case statements admitted firmly rooted hearsay exception see green supra evidence possessing particularized guarantees trustworthiness must trustworthy adversarial testing add little reliability child abuse cases factors used determine trustworthiness guarantees declarant mental state use terminology unexpected child similar age must relate whether child particularly likely telling truth statement made state contention evidence corroborating hearsay statement may properly support finding statement bears trustworthiness guarantees rejected since permit admission presumptively unreliable statements made duress bootstrapping trustworthiness evidence trial result odds requirement hearsay evidence admitted clause trustworthy declarant marginal utility also rejected wright contention child statements per se presumptively unreliable ground trial found child incompetent testify trial found capable communicating jury implicitly found time made statements capable receiving impressions facts relating truly moreover clause erect per se rule barring admission prior statements declarant unable communicate jury time trial see mattox pp admitting evidence trial identified two factors whether child motive make story whether given age statements type one expect child fabricate relating circumstances surrounding making statements state properly focused presumptive unreliability statements suggestive manner doctor conducted interview viewing totality circumstances special reason supposing incriminating statements child abuse particularly trustworthy statement sister presents closer question although spontaneity change demeanor suggest may telling truth spontaneity may inaccurate indicator trustworthiness prior interrogation prompting manipulation adults moreover statement made circumstances reliability comparable required example admission excited utterances statements made purposes medical diagnosis treatment state challenge state determination confrontation clause error harmless beyond reasonable doubt revisit issue pp delivered opinion brennan marshall stevens scalia jj joined kennedy filed dissenting opinion rehnquist white blackmun joined post james jones attorney general idaho argued cause petitioner briefs john mcmahon chief deputy attorney general myrna stahman deputy attorney general deputy solicitor general bryson argued cause amicus curiae urging reversal brief solicitor general starr assistant attorney general dennis michael dreeben rolf michael kehne appointment argued cause filed brief respondent brief amici curiae urging reversal filed commonwealth pennsylvania et al ernest preate attorney general pennsylvania marylou barton chief deputy attorney general douglas baily attorney general alaska robert corbin attorney general arizona steve clark attorney general arkansas duane woodard attorney general colorado charles oberly iii attorney general delaware robert butterworth attorney general florida neil hartigan attorney general illinois linley pearson attorney general indiana tom miller attorney general iowa robert stephan attorney general kansas frederic cowan attorney general kentucky william guste attorney general louisiana joseph curran attorney general maryland james shannon attorney general massachusetts frank kelly attorney general michigan mike moore attorney general mississippi william webster attorney general missouri marc racicot attorney general montana robert spire attorney general nebraska brian mckay attorney general nevada john arnold attorney general new hampshire robert del tufo attorney general designate new jersey hal stratton attorney general new mexico lacy thornburg attorney general north carolina nicholas spaeth attorney general north dakota robert henry attorney general oklahoma travis medlock attorney general south carolina roger tellinghuisen attorney general south dakota paul van dam attorney general utah jeffrey amestoy attorney general vermont godfrey de castro attorney general virgin islands mary sue terry attorney general virginia joseph meyer attorney general wyoming briefs amici curiae urging affirmance filed american civil liberties union margaret berger steven sharpiro national association criminal defense lawyers natman schaye stephan lawton john myers kirk johnson thomas finn filed brief american professional society abuse children et al amicus curiae justice delivered opinion case requires us decide whether admission trial certain hearsay statements made child declarant examining pediatrician violates defendant rights confrontation clause sixth amendment respondent laura lee wright jointly charged robert giles two counts lewd conduct minor violation idaho code alleged victims respondent two daughters one years old time crimes charged respondent louis wright father older daughter reached informal agreement whereby parent custody older daughter six consecutive months allegations surfaced november older daughter told cynthia goodman louis wright female companion giles sexual intercourse respondent held covered mouth app tr seen respondent giles thing respondent younger daughter app tr younger daughter living parents respondent giles time alleged offenses goodman reported older daughter disclosures police next day took older daughter hospital medical examination older daughter revealed evidence sexual abuse one examining physicians john jambura pediatrician extensive experience child abuse cases app police welfare officials took younger daughter custody day protection investigation jambura examined following day found conditions strongly suggestive sexual abuse vaginal contact occurring approximately two three days prior examination joint trial respondent giles trial conducted voir dire examination younger daughter three years old time trial determine whether capable testifying concluded parties agreed younger daughter capable communicating jury issue case admission trial certain statements made younger daughter jambura response questions asked regarding alleged abuse objection respondent giles trial permitted jambura testify jury follows prosecutor calling attention examination kathy wright november describe interview dialogue kathy time excuse get lay setting took place else might present took place office examining room recall believe previous testimony said recall female attendant present recall identity started basically hi know breakfast morning essentially minutes sort chitchat response kathy first first questions started carry relaxed animated conversation proceeded gently start asking questions well things home know sorts gently moving domestic situation moved four questions particular reflected records play daddy daddy play daddy touch touch established meant generic term genital area get best recollect response question play daddy yes play remember making comment yes play lot expanding talking spending time daddy daddy play response responded well played together variety circumstances know seemed unaffected question say response asked daddy touch admit asked touch response excuse notice change affect attitude line questioning yes observe oh talk elucidate exactly kind touching taking place happening however say daddy lot sister offer last statement response question volunteered statement volunteered statement sat waited respond sort next statement made allowing silence occur trial admitted statements idaho residual hearsay exception provides relevant part rule hearsay exceptions availability declarant immaterial following excluded hearsay rule even though declarant available witness exceptions statement specifically covered foregoing exceptions equivalent circumstantial guarantees trustworthiness determines statement offered evidence material fact statement probative point offered evidence proponent procure reasonable efforts general purposes rules interests justice best served admission statement evidence idaho rule evid idaho held admission inculpatory hearsay testimony violated respondent federal constitutional right confrontation testimony fall within traditional hearsay exception based interview lacked procedural safeguards found jambura interview technique inadequate questions answers recorded videotape preservation perusal defense trial blatantly leading questions used interrogation ibid statements also lacked trustworthiness according interrogation performed someone preconceived idea child disclosing ibid noting expert testimony child psychology texts indicated children susceptible suggestion therefore likely misled leading questions found circumstances surrounding interview demonstrate dangers unreliability interview audio video recorded never fully assessed concluded younger daughter statements lacked particularized guarantees trustworthiness necessary satisfy requirements confrontation clause therefore trial erred admitting convinced beyond reasonable doubt jury reached result error occurred reversed respondent conviction count involving younger daughter remanded new trial ibid granted certiorari affirm ii confrontation clause sixth amendment made applicable fourteenth amendment provides criminal prosecutions accused shall enjoy right confronted witnesses earliest days confrontation clause jurisprudence consistently held clause necessarily prohibit admission hearsay statements criminal defendant even though admission statements might thought violate literal terms clause see mattox pointer texas reaffirmed recently hile literal interpretation confrontation clause bar use statements declarant unavailable rejected view unintended extreme bourjaily quoting ohio roberts see also maryland craig post confrontation clause permits necessary admission certain hearsay statements defendant despite defendant inability confront declarant trial although recognized hearsay rules confrontation clause generally designed protect similar values also careful equate confrontation clause prohibitions general rule prohibiting admission hearsay statements see california green dutton evans plurality opinion inadi confrontation clause words bars admission evidence otherwise admissible exception hearsay rule see green supra bruton barber page pointer supra ohio roberts set forth general approach determining incriminating statements admissible exception hearsay rule also meet requirements confrontation clause noted confrontation clause operates two separate ways restrict range admissible hearsay ibid first conformance framers preference accusation sixth amendment establishes rule necessity usual case prosecution must either produce demonstrate unavailability declarant whose statement wishes use defendant ibid citations omitted second witness shown unavailable statement admissible bears adequate indicia reliability reliability inferred without case evidence falls within firmly rooted hearsay exception cases evidence must excluded least absent showing particularized guarantees trustworthiness omitted see also mancusi stubbs applying general analytical framework facts roberts supra held admission testimony given preliminary hearing declarant failed appear trial despite state issued five separate subpoenas violate confrontation clause specifically found state carried burden showing declarant unavailable testify trial see barber supra mancusi supra testimony preliminary hearing bore sufficient indicia reliability particularly defense counsel adequate opportunity declarant preliminary hearing see mancusi supra applied general approach articulated roberts subsequent cases raising confrontation clause hearsay issues inadi supra held general requirement unavailability apply incriminating statements made therefore confrontation clause prohibit admission statements even though government shown declarant unavailable testify trial bourjaily supra held statements also carried sufficient indicia reliability hearsay exception statements firmly rooted one applying roberts approach case first note case raise question whether child statements admitted confrontation clause requires prosecution show child witness unavailable trial showing requires trial case found respondent younger daughter incapable communicating jury defense counsel agreed app neither questioned finding discussed general requirement unavailability purposes deciding case assume without deciding extent unavailability requirement applies case younger daughter unavailable witness within meaning confrontation clause crux question presented therefore whether state proponent evidence presumptively barred hearsay rule confrontation clause carried burden proving younger daughter incriminating statements jambura bore sufficient indicia reliability withstand scrutiny clause held although trial properly admitted statements state residual hearsay exception statements fraught dangers unreliability confrontation clause designed highlight obviate idaho state asserts erected stringent standard admitting statements statements totality circumstances sufficiently reliable confrontation clause purposes roberts suggested indicia reliability requirement met either two circumstances hearsay statement falls within firmly rooted hearsay exception supported showing particularized guarantees trustworthiness see also bourjaily supra exception hearsay rule firmly enough rooted jurisprudence holding roberts need independently inquire reliability statements lee illinois ven certain hearsay evidence fall within firmly rooted hearsay exception thus presumptively unreliable inadmissible confrontation clause purposes may nonetheless meet confrontation clause reliability standards supported showing particularized guarantees trustworthiness citation omitted note outset idaho residual hearsay exception idaho rule evid challenged statements admitted app firmly rooted hearsay exception confrontation clause purposes admission firmly rooted hearsay exception satisfies constitutional requirement reliability weight accorded longstanding judicial legislative experience assessing trustworthiness certain types statements see mattox roberts bourjaily see also lee supra blackmun dissenting tatements squarely within established hearsay exceptions possess imprimatur judicial legislative experience fact must weigh heavily assessment reliability constitutional purposes citation omitted residual hearsay exception contrast accommodates ad hoc instances statements otherwise falling within recognized hearsay exception might nevertheless sufficiently reliable admissible trial see senate judiciary committee note evid pp cleary mccormick evidence pp ed hearsay statements admitted residual exception almost definition therefore share tradition reliability supports admissibility statements firmly rooted hearsay exception moreover agree admission hearsay statements residual exception automatically passed confrontation clause scrutiny virtually every codified hearsay exception assume constitutional stature step repeatedly declined take see green evans plurality opinion inadi see also evans supra harlan concurring result state event press matter strongly recognizes younger daughter hearsay statements fall within firmly rooted hearsay exception presumptively unreliable inadmissible confrontation clause purposes lee supra must excluded least absent showing particularized guarantees trustworthiness roberts supra concluded state made showing large measure statements resulted interview lacking certain procedural safeguards specifically noted jambura failed record interview videotape asked leading questions questioned child preconceived idea disclosing see idaho although agree confrontation clause bars admission younger daughter hearsay statements reject apparently dispositive weight placed lack procedural safeguards interview statements made children regarding sexual abuse arise wide variety circumstances believe constitution imposes fixed set procedural prerequisites admission statements trial procedural requirements identified extent regarded conditions precedent admission child hearsay statements child sexual abuse cases may many instances inappropriate unnecessary determination whether given statement sufficiently trustworthy confrontation clause purposes see nelson farrey videotape requirement feasible especially defendant yet criminally charged cert denied myers child witness law practice pp use leading questions children appropriate necessarily render responses untrustworthy although procedural guidelines propounded may well enhance reliability statements children regarding sexual abuse decline read confrontation clause preconceived artificial litmus test procedural propriety professional interviews children make hearsay statements defendant state responds finding particularized guarantees trustworthiness instead based consideration totality circumstances including circumstances surrounding making statement also evidence trial corroborates truth statement agree particularized guarantees trustworthiness must shown totality circumstances think relevant circumstances include surround making statement render declarant particularly worthy belief conclusion derives rationale permitting exceptions general rule hearsay theory hearsay rule many possible sources inaccuracy untrustworthiness may lie underneath bare untested assertion witness best brought light exposed exist test test security may given instance superfluous may sufficiently clear instance statement offered free enough risk inaccuracy untrustworthiness test work supererogation wigmore evidence chadbourne rev words declarant truthfulness clear surrounding circumstances test marginal utility hearsay rule bar admission statement trial basis excited utterance exception example statements given circumstances eliminate possibility fabrication coaching confabulation therefore circumstances surrounding making statement provide sufficient assurance statement trustworthy superfluous see wigmore supra weinstein berger weinstein evidence advisory committee note evid likewise dying declaration medical treatment exceptions hearsay rule based belief persons making statements highly unlikely lie see mattox sense impending death presumed remove temptation falsehood enforce strict adherence truth obligation oath queen osman cox wales cir lush person immediately going presence maker lie upon lips mosteller child sexual abuse statements purpose medical diagnosis treatment circumstantial guarantees trustworthiness various specific exceptions hearsay rule based existed time statement made include may added using hindsight huff white motor state federal courts identified number factors think properly relate whether hearsay statements made child witness child sexual abuse cases reliable see state robinson spontaneity consistent repetition morgan foretich mental state declarant state sorenson use terminology unexpected child similar age state kuone lack motive fabricate although cases cite factors discuss necessarily approve results reach involve application various hearsay exceptions statements child declarants think factors identified also apply whether statements bear particularized guarantees trustworthiness confrontation clause factors course exclusive courts considerable leeway consideration appropriate factors therefore decline endorse mechanical test determining particularized guarantees trustworthiness clause rather unifying principle factors relate whether child declarant particularly likely telling truth statement made discussion suggests unpersuaded state contention evidence corroborating truth hearsay statement may properly support finding statement bears particularized guarantees trustworthiness admissible confrontation clause hearsay evidence used convict defendant must possess indicia reliability virtue inherent trustworthiness reference evidence trial cf delaware van arsdall clause countenances hearsay marked trustworthiness material departure reason general rule roberts supra quoting snyder massachusetts statement made duress example may happen true statement circumstances made may provide basis supposing declarant particularly likely telling truth indeed circumstances may even declarant particularly unlikely telling truth case trial highly useful probe declarant made statements presence evidence tending corroborate truth statement substitute declarant trial short use corroborating evidence support hearsay statement particularized guarantees trustworthiness permit admission presumptively unreliable statement bootstrapping trustworthiness evidence trial result think odds requirement hearsay evidence admitted confrontation clause trustworthy declarant marginal utility indeed although plurality dutton evans looked corroborating evidence one four factors determining whether particular hearsay statement possessed sufficient indicia reliability see think presence corroborating evidence appropriately indicates error admitting statement might harmless rather basis exists presuming declarant trustworthy see blackmun joined burger concurring finding admission statement issue harmless error error see also louisell mueller federal evidence discussing evans moreover although considered lee illinois interlocking nature codefendant defendant confessions determine whether codefendant confession sufficiently trustworthy confrontation purposes declined rely corroborative physical evidence indeed rejected interlock theory case cautioned true danger inherent type hearsay fact selective reliability concern applies child hearsay context well corroboration child allegations sexual abuse medical evidence abuse example sheds light reliability child allegations regarding identity abuser real danger jury rely partial corroboration mistakenly infer trustworthiness entire statement furthermore recognized similarity analysis corroboration inquiry noted lee harm admission hearsay statement poses serious threat accuracy verdict countenanced sixth amendment ibid emphasis added finally reject respondent contention younger daughter statements case per se unreliable least presumptively unreliable ground trial found younger daughter incompetent testify trial first respondent contention rests upon questionable reading record case trial found younger daughter capable communicating jury app although idaho law provides child witness may testify appear incapable receiving impressions facts respecting examined relating truly idaho code supp idaho rule evid trial case made findings indeed reasonable inference ruling statements admissible idaho residual hearsay exception trial implicitly found younger daughter time made statements capable receiving impressions facts relating truly see app addition event held confrontation clause erect per se rule barring admission prior statements declarant unable communicate jury time trial see mattox see also louisell mueller supra pp although inability might relevant whether earlier hearsay statement possessed particularized guarantees trustworthiness per se rule exclusion frustrate purpose confrontation clause also hinder enlightened development law evidence evans harlan concurring result iii trial case ruling confrontation clause prohibit admission younger daughter hearsay statements relied following factors case course physical evidence corroborate sexual abuse occurred also seem case motive make story nature child years talking pubescent youth may fantasize nature statements sexual abuse fall outside general believability child make make simply type statement believe one expect child fabricate come identification indicia reliability identification doctor testimony appears injuries testified occurred time victim custody defendants older daughter testified identification perpetrators identification perpetrators case persons well known younger daughter case child called upon identify stranger person knowledge identity ability recollect recall factors sufficient indicia reliability permit admission statements app think idaho properly focused presumptive unreliability statements suggestive manner jambura conducted interview viewing totality circumstances surrounding younger daughter responses jambura questions find special reason supposing incriminating statements particularly trustworthy younger daughter last statement regarding abuse older daughter however presents closer question according jambura younger daughter volunteered statement sort although spontaneity statement change demeanor suggest younger daughter telling truth made statement note possible evidence prior interrogation prompting manipulation adults spontaneity may inaccurate indicator trustworthiness robinson moreover statement made circumstances reliability comparable required example admission excited utterances statements made purposes medical diagnosis treatment given presumption inadmissibility accorded accusatory hearsay statements admitted pursuant firmly rooted hearsay exception lee agree state failed show younger daughter incriminating statements pediatrician possessed sufficient particularized guarantees trustworthiness confrontation clause overcome presumption state challenge idaho conclusion confrontation clause error case harmless beyond reasonable doubt see reason revisit issue therefore agree respondent conviction involving younger daughter must reversed case remanded proceedings accordingly judgment idaho affirmed ordered dissent suggests unequivocally rejected view cruz new york quoted language dissent relies post taken context cruz involved admission joint trial nontestifying codefendant confession incriminated defendant jury instructed consider confession codefendant defendant confession corroborating codefendant introduced cruz relying squarely bruton held admission codefendant confession violated confrontation clause language dissent relies appears paragraph discussing whether interlocking nature confessions relevant applicability bruton concluded case said nothing whether codefendant confession admissible defendant simply may interlocked defendant confession justice kennedy chief justice justice white justice blackmun join dissenting issue whether sixth amendment right confrontation violated statements child unavailable testify trial admitted hearsay exception defendant stands accused abusing today holds provided child statements bear particularized guarantees trustworthiness ohio roberts agree disagreement rule invents control inquiry ultimate determination statements question must inadmissible violative confrontation clause given principle cases involving hearsay statements come within one traditional hearsay exceptions admissibility depends upon finding particular guarantees trustworthiness case difficult state rules general application believe recognizes majority errs view adopting rule corroboration statement evidence impermissible part trustworthiness inquiry apparent ruling corroborating evidence may considered whole part purpose limitation least facial interpretation analytic categories new creation likely prove unworkable even square examples reliability indicators invokes contrary precedents see constitutional justification decision prescind corroborating evidence consideration question whether child statements reliable matter common sense people one best ways determine whether someone says trustworthy see corroborated evidence context child abuse example part child hearsay statement assailant tied wrists scar lower abdomen physical evidence testimony corroborate child statement evidence child fabricated likely believe child says true conversely one imagine situation child makes statement spontaneous otherwise made circumstances indicating reliable also contains undisputed factual inaccuracies great credibility child statements substantially undermined analysis statement satisfy requirements confrontation clause despite substantial doubt reliability nothing law evidence law confrontation clause countenances result contrary federal courts looked existence corroborating evidence lack thereof determine reliability hearsay statements coming within one traditional hearsay exceptions see louisell mueller federal evidence collecting cases weinstein berger weinstein evidence specifically reference hearsay statements children review cases led leading commentator child witness law conclude flatly content statement supported corroborated evidence reliability hearsay strengthened myers child witness law practice apparent misgivings weight given corroborating evidence see ante may may correct misgivings justify wholesale elimination evidence consideration derogation overwhelming judicial legislative consensus contrary course free matter state law demand corroboration unavailable child declarant statements well indicia reliability allowing statements admitted evidence today however similar distinction found precedents interpreting confrontation clause anything many state statutes requiring corroboration child declarant statements emphasize relevance irrelevance corroborating evidence determination whether unavailable child witness statements bear particularized guarantees trustworthiness ultimate inquiry confrontation clause sum whatever doubt weight given corroborating evidence found case justification rejecting considered wisdom virtually entire legal community corroborating evidence relevant reliability trustworthiness far rejecting proposition cases relied upon today embrace lee illinois considered whether confession codefendant interlocked defendant confession bore particularized guarantees trustworthiness admission evidence defendant violate confrontation clause although ultimate conclusion confession bear sufficient indicia reliability analysis far different utilized present case today notes lee determined trustworthiness confession looking circumstances surrounding making see ante omits discussion lee fact also considered extent interlock extent two confessions corroborated lee unanimous recognition corroboration legitimate indicator reliability disagreement whether corroborative nature confessions circumstances making sufficient satisfy confrontation clause see finding insufficient indicia reliability flowing either circumstances surrounding confession interlocking character confessions support admission codefendant confession emphasis added blackmun dissenting finding codefendant confession supported sufficient indicia reliability including inter alia extensive convincing corroboration petitioner confession corroboration provided physical evidence see also new mexico earnest rehnquist concurring dutton evans plurality opinion today suggests presence corroborating evidence goes issue whether admission hearsay statements harmless error whether statements reliable therefore admissible see ante context interlocking confessions previous cases unequivocal rejecting suggestion quite obviously interlocking nature codefendant confession pertains harmfulness rather reliability confirms essentially facts defendant confession likely true cruz new york emphasis original fourth amendment cases also premised upon idea corroboration legitimate indicator reliability long held corroboration essential element determining whether police may act basis informant tip simple reason informant shown right things probably right facts alleged alabama white see also illinois gates spinelli jones offer justification barring consideration corroborating evidence suggestion corroborating evidence bolster inherent trustworthiness statements ante purposes determining reliability statements discern difference factors believes indicate inherent trustworthiness like corroborating evidence apparently even factors endorsed involve consideration evidence purports exclude reliability analysis notes one test reliability whether child use terminology unexpected child similar age ante making determination requires consideration child vocabulary skills past opportunity lack thereof learn terminology issue extrinsic circumstances case considered may shown use particular word vocabulary fact supports inference prolonged contact defendant known use vocabulary question example notes motive fabricate index reliability ibid suspect charges third person concocted false case coached child surely relevant show third person contact child opportunity suggest false testimony given contradictions inherent test measured examples expect holding soon prove unworkable illogical short matter circumstances existing time child makes statements existence corroborating evidence indicate greater lesser degree whether statements reliable means suggest circumstances surrounding making statement best indicators reliability doubt every instance true particular case warrant ignoring indicators reliability corroborating evidence absent reason excluding anything think corroborating evidence form testimony physical evidence apart narrow circumstances statement made preferred means determining statement reliability purposes confrontation clause simple reason unlike indicators trustworthiness corroborating evidence addressed defendant assessed trial objective critical way case younger daughter statements corroborated least four respects physical evidence victim sexual abuse evidence custody suspect time injuries occurred testimony older daughter father abused younger daughter thus corroborating younger daughter statement testimony older daughter abused father thus corroborating younger daughter statement sister also abused facts coupled circumstances surrounding making statements acknowledged suggesting statements reliable give rise legitimate argument admission statements violate confrontation clause idaho consider factors vacate judgment reversing respondent conviction remand consider first instance whether child statements bore particularized guarantees trustworthiness analysis set forth separate opinion reasons respectfully dissent footnotes sampling cases using corroborating evidence support finding child statements reliable includes dorian cree nick state allen state robinson state bellotti state soukup state doe app state mccafferty quick numerous cases rely upon corroboration pursuant state statutory rules regarding hearsay statements children see myers aside lee illinois supra discussed infra case cited proposition corroborative evidence irrelevant reliability state ryan quotes opinion context holding corroborating evidence used demonstrate reliability washington interpreting confrontation clause rather opinion clearly reveals holding interpretation washington statute ann provided hearsay statements unavailable child declarant admitted evidence trial reliable corroborated evidence portion opinion following sentence quoted majority reveals true nature holding trial apparently persuaded statements children must reliable hindsight prove true rcw demands statute requires separate determinations reliability corroboration child unavailable word conjunctive legislature used word intended disjunctive although defendant confession offered corroboration wholly absent requisite circumstantial guarantees reliability state ryan supra citations omitted emphasis added