nixon
herndon
argued
decided
march
louis
marshall
new
york
city
knollenberg
el
paso
spingarn
new
york
city
channell
el
paso
moorfield
storey
boston
james
cobb
washington
plaintiff
error
claude
pollard
simmons
austin
defendants
error
justice
holmes
delivered
opinion
action
judges
elections
refusing
permit
plaintiff
vote
primary
election
texas
lays
damages
five
thousand
dollars
petition
alleges
plaintiff
negro
citizen
texas
resident
el
paso
every
way
qualified
vote
set
forth
detail
except
statute
mentioned
interferes
right
july
primary
election
held
el
paso
nomination
candidates
senator
representatives
congress
state
offices
upon
democratic
ticket
plaintiff
member
democratic
party
sought
vote
denied
right
defendants
denial
based
upon
statute
texas
enacted
may
acts
leg
called
sess
vernon
ann
civ
art
designated
article
words
event
shall
negro
eligible
participate
democratic
party
primary
election
held
state
texas
statute
contrary
fourteenth
fifteenth
amendments
constitution
defendants
moved
dismiss
upon
ground
suit
political
within
jurisdiction
violation
amendments
shown
suit
dismissed
writ
error
taken
directly
argument
made
behalf
defendants
brief
allowed
filed
attorney
general
state
objection
suit
political
little
play
upon
words
course
petition
concerns
political
action
alleges
seeks
recover
private
damage
private
damage
may
caused
political
action
may
recovered
suit
law
hardly
doubted
two
hundred
years
since
ashby
white
ld
raym
ld
raym
recognized
wiley
sinkler
giles
harris
see
also
judicial
code
act
march
stat
comp
defendants
conduct
wrong
plaintiff
reasons
allow
recovery
denying
plaintiff
vote
final
election
allow
denying
vote
primary
election
may
determine
final
result
important
question
whether
statute
sustained
although
state
question
answer
seem
us
open
doubt
find
unnecessary
consider
fifteenth
amendment
cause
seems
us
hard
imagine
direct
obvious
infringement
fourteenth
amendment
applies
passed
know
special
intent
protect
blacks
discrimination
slaughter
house
cases
wall
strauder
west
virginia
amendment
gave
citizenship
privileges
citizenship
persons
color
denied
state
power
withhold
equal
protection
laws
declaring
law
shall
black
white
persons
whether
colored
white
shall
stand
equal
laws
regard
colored
race
whose
protection
amendment
primarily
designed
discrimination
shall
made
law
color
quoted
last
case
buchanan
warley
ed
ann
cas
see
yick
wo
hopkins
statute
texas
teeth
prohibitions
referred
assumes
forbid
negroes
take
part
primary
election
importance
indicated
discriminating
distinction
color
alone
may
good
deal
classifying
difficult
believe
rational
limits
clear
extended
argument
color
made
basis
statutory
classification
affecting
right
set
case
judgment
reversed