southern pac terminal interstate commerce commission argued december decided february bill equity enjoin order interstate commerce commission requiring appellants cease desist day september subsequently postponed november period less two years thereafter granting giving undue preferences advantages one young shipper cotton seed products port galveston texas failure exact payment wharfage charges handling cotton seed cake meal wharves docks piers appellants time exacting charges shippers cake meal giving allowing person whomsoever exclusive use space wharves appellants galveston use storage handling cake meal contemporaneously refusing denying similar privileges shippers substantially similar circumstances conditions young formal party interstate commerce commission however made respondent suit filed answer cross bill commission demurred bill cross bill demurrer overruled answered final hearing case submitted upon agreed statement facts bills dismissed important facts set opinion refer report interstate commerce commission details republic texas conveyed one menard property upon wharves terminal company situated menard conveyed property president directors galveston city company conveyed collis huntington sum recited deed made upon express covenant condition follows means acts congress act legislature ordinance conveyance city galveston may required purpose right secured said collis huntington heirs assigns construct piers may time time determine event said collis huntington heirs assigns within six months thereof commence construction terminal facilities upon property use commonly called southern pacific railroad steamship systems city galveston february passed ordinance recited conditions huntington purchase stated greatly interest city work contemplated performed proper utility property streets opened across ordained streets avenues alleys theretofore opened laid manner designated upon property perpetually abandoned discontinued closed huntington heirs assigns granted right perpetually construct maintain piers might time time determine maintain upon property terminal facilities use commonly called southern pacific railroad steamship systems successors assigns provided huntingtion wharfage use piers facilities upon said property except far wharf service might covered freight rate wharfage subject regulation railroad commission texas recited greatly public interest property developed shipping transportation purposes shipping facilities port galveston thereby improved enlarged order better accommodate commerce port state ordinance ratified act legislature approved may act set ordinance full relinquished huntington title claim state property upon conditions expressed ordinance addition subjecting wharfage charges regulation railroad commission required annual report body provided system railroad tracks might constructed huntington property connect track railroad company might built property place designated consolidation property stock franchise corporation might control galveston wharf company wharf company terminal charges fixed charter formed use operation management property granted without containing section providing huntington performed conditions expressed conveyance ordinance act legislature southern pacific terminal company texas corporation organized construct maintain wharves docks accommodation kinds vessels avail use enjoy properties rights privileges franchises granted described referred act legislature state texas may ratifying ordinance city galveston construct maintain upon property terminal facilities use commonly called southern pacific railroad steamship systems time incorporation terminal company following commonly referred southern pacific railroad steamship systems line steamships owned southern pacific company running new york galveston new orleans also running latter city havana morgan louisiana texas railroad steamship company louisiana western railroad leads new orleans sabine river texas new orleans railroad leading river city houston galveston harrisburg san antonio railway railroads southern pacific company owns stock extending connection latter el paso rio grande river san francisco railways incorporated separate distinct railway officers board directors southern pacific company owns per cent stock per cent stock terminal company two latter companies president galveston harrisburg san antonio railway company terminal company general manager import export traffic passing galveston passes wharves terminal company track facilities traffic owned terminal company lands galveston harrisburg san antonio railway railway physical connection tracks terminal company switching tracks terminal company charging per car latter company receives trackage charge cents per car terminal company owns cars locomotives issues bills lading owns stock railroads corporations southern pacific owns stock carries wharfage business publishes schedule charges business however filed interstate commerce commission charge cents per ton cottonseed meal cake passing docks shown wharfage charge tariffs galveston harrisburg san antonio railway company railways entering galveston tariffs show exception made docks occupied young hereinafter shown fact wharfage charge imposed terminal company meal cake handled dock young may included general lease contract price fixed hereinafter indicated terminal company party numerous circulars issued southern pacific companies known route termed principally advertising purposes circular may shows terminal charges storage switching port galveston circulars show charge one cent per pounds seed cake meal terminal company property two piers known pier pier erected facilities handling imported exported freight freight may come pass wharves abundant land water upon erect piers become necessary charges fixed wharfage freight passing piers vessels berthed thereat galveston wharf company affords similar public wharfage facilities port galveston number piers facilities galveston wharf company destroyed terminal company become inadequate handling import export coastwise business ships foreign ports coastwise ships southern pacific company berth piers receive deliver freight piers terminal company carries general wharfage business building pier necessary dredge slip west ships berth order soil action storm wave drift slip bulkhead built westward slip lands terminal company lying idle useless needed pursuance negotiations young company proceeded construct pier known pier use young erect thereon warehouse shed platform use original construction subsequent enlargement cost company time pier feet wide widest part feet length negotiations terminated lease young pay terminal company yearly rental payable monthly day november agrees route shipments cotton seed cottonseed products purchased shipped lines said terminal company connections according instructions said terminal company time time insist upon enforce routing except enforcement prevent purchasing products obtaining shipments ready move immediately cars procured routing required provided however young shall bound provisions rates equal lower competing lines service adequate notice given lower rates service option meet business young merchant manufacturer engaged buying selling converting cake meal account took possession pier improvements erected thereon terminal company contract latter company paying price stipulated contract placed thereon cake sacking grinding machines representing investment young business consists buying cake interior shipping carloads pier grinding meal sacking loading steamships berthed pier export cake passing piers pays wharfage cents per short ton young pays wharfage storage charge may included rental per year exporter handles meal cake pier wharfage cents per ton paid young young certain advantages reason contract terminal company enumerated agreed statement facts result stated follows makes sum equal cents per ton receive handled export product methods existence established plant pier adopted method business follows cents per ton addition ordinary buying selling profit times pays cake competitors afford pay times undersell european markets since commenced business exporters engaged business commenced ceased exporting comparison business exporters cottonseed cake shows september september exported tons cake amount cotton tons products producers interior mills state complain young able dominate texas market method conducting business galveston enables command foreign trade may become detriment industry young might acquire monopoly others entertain contrary opinion agree general establishment plants galveston monopoly acquired great benefit industry present constructed docks galveston wharf company terminal company structures located thereon space enough furnish exporters business galveston space erecting machinery handling export business manner done young proceeding instituted september carl eichenberg exporter cotton seed products port galveston filing complaint petition interstate commerce commission southern pacific company terminal company complaining companies arrangement young violating act regulate commerce giving undue unreasonable preference advantage competitors order commission galveston harrisburg san antonio railway company railroad companies entering galveston made parties defendant answers filed full hearing commission june made report order rehearing asked defendant interstate commerce commission young made party proceedings commission appeared testified witness terminal company counsel present hearing testimony taken engaged examination witnesses young also present case argued submitted maxwell evarts dillard garwood appellants wade ellis luther walter appellees statement justice mckenna justice mckenna stating facts delivered opinion observed order commission required appellants cease desist granting young alleged undue preference period less two years september subsequently extended november hence contended order commission expired case thereby become moot appeal dismissed said number times decide actual controversies pending appeal something occurs without fault defendant renders impossible decision favor plaintiff grant effectual relief appeal dismissed jones montague ed sup richardson mcchesney decided november term ed sup cases acts sought enjoined completely executed nothing judgment suits entertained affected case bar comes within rule announced freight asso ed sup boise city irrig land clark app fed case bar order commission may extent exact extent unnecessary define basis proceedings broader consideration question involved orders interstate commerce commission usually continuing manifestly case bar considerations might defeated shortterms orders capable repetition yet evading review one time government another time carriers rights determined commission without chance redress freight asso supra object suit obtain judgment legality agreement railroads alleged violation sherman law case bar object suit declared illegal order interstate commerce commission case attempt defeat purposes suit voluntary dissolution agreement attempt said mere dissolution association important object litigation judgment sought upon question legality agreement carrying association formed agreement declared illegal asked dissolve association named bill defendants enjoined future private parties may settle controversies time rights plaintiff may time commencement action may terminate judgment obtained case appeal case informed facts proceed action however extinguishment rights whatever public enforcement government endeavored procure judgment provisions act congress recited defendants foreclose rights prevent assertion thereof government substantial trustee public act congress action taken case referring agreement one claimed government illegal said question government right bring obtain judgment thereof interests passed upon public character involved order interstate commerce commission case bar greater necessity continuing jurisdiction properly attached government respondent complainant lessen change character interests involved controversy terminate questions boise city irrig land clark supra period municipal ordinance fixed water rate expired pending litigation legality contended case become moot replied courts entertained decided cases heretofore partly rate fixed continues force changed provided law partly necessity propriety deciding question law presented might serve guide municipal body called upon act matter motion dismiss denied four errors assigned action circuit dismissing bill complaint interstate commerce commission jurisdiction terminal company common carrier therefore subject act regulate commerce commission power authority declare lease young illegal lease constitute unlawful undue preference advantage within meaning act regulate commerce commission order assumed control intrastate foreign commerce subject act regulate commerce two facts prominent case piers terminal company facilities import export traffic port galveston arrangement terminal company young enabled largely rapidly increase business exports products twice competitiors derives therefrom cents per ton ordinary buying selling profit competitors ceased export direct advantage young manifest direct detriment exporters equally manifest situation challenges attention appellants find nothing natural legal result sagacity see opportunity profit enterprise avail simple matter part young contended bringing business ship side cutting intervening expenses said terminal company equally lawful inducement idle property contended absolute control turned use profit arrangement young insisted simple exercise ownership elements controversy correctly stated justification may considered made appellants make much title assuming absolute assert right unrestrained use property assertion overlooks underestimates condition expressed deed huntington estate terminal company ordinance city galveston act legislature state texas condition expressed terminal facilities constructed upon property use southern pacific railroad steamship systems act legislature declared property developed shipping transportation purposes shipping facilities port galveston thereby improved enlarged order better accommodate commerce port state wharfage charges except far covered freight rates subject regulation railroad commission state clear therefore purpose ordinance act confirming secure shipping facilities city open public use necessarily property terminal railroad steamship system may contended necessity ordinance purpose valid relinquishment municipal right often asserted opening streets property constructing wharves thereon relinquishment treated valuable huntington pledged property public use consideration said use also condition expressed act legislature discharged expenditure erection wharves huntington seems contention case likeness whatever louisville west coast naval stores ed sup latter case discrimination west coast pany railroad company preference given person west coast company privilege using wharves railroad company shippers given asserted privileges asserted privilege using wharf purpose transferring goods vessels might arrange take words vessels railroad company traffic agreements said justice peckham brief fact seems complaint plaintiff west coast company defendant railroad company permit competing vessels make use wharf purpose competition true contention wharf public one contention based fact wharf built foot public street authority city pensacola state florida fact alone considered sufficient support contention said city state authorities granting right erect facilities might course attached conditions thought wise absence neither public plaintiff owner goods right state facts go wharf vessels purpose continuing transportation goods competition defendant true said railroad company never became common carrier wharf sense bound accord public west coast company right use upon payment compensation added railroad company bound carry west coast company goods rails led wharf purpose upon terms order might others contracted forward goods beyond line said west coast company demanded demanded railroad company carry goods order might forward vessels selection railroad company surrender possession enough wharf enable company weems people ed sup ann cas applicable pending controversy contest two independent lines steamboats one claiming right use wharves ground wharves dedicated public fact found adversely contention claim right use wharves denied review reasoning unnecessary great difference competing carriers claiming right use facilities one another patrons carrier contending equality treatment stating assume wharves pending case instruments common carrier however denied asserted terminal company purely wharfage company power charter act common carrier contention based partial view condition terminal company incorporated execute purposes expressed act legislature state texas construct terminal facilities southern pacific railroad steamship systems accommodate export import traffic galveston necessarily instrumentalities traffic wharves piers essential steamships railroads fact intended charter authorization parts system track facilities movement cars ships tracks southern pacific railway nal company lands owned tracks galveston harrisburg san antonio railway switches cars railroads charging per car terminal company receives trackage charge cents per car true terminal company wharfage business publishes schedule charges filed interstate commerce commission shows charge cents ton cake meal appears wharfage charge tariffs galveston harrisburg san antonio railway company railways entering city galveston besides terminal company party numerous circulars issued southern pacific railway company effective may filed interstate commerce commission circulars gave terminal charges port galveston charge meal cake given cent per pounds shipments bills lading include freight rate wharfage charge another important fact control properties southern pacific company stock ownership separation companies regard charters union regard control operation southern pacific company control operation important facts shippers consequence mere charter declaration terminal company wharfage company southern pacific holding company verbal declarations alter facts control operation southern pacific company railroads terminal company system necessary parts terminal company well railroad companies said interstate commerce commission terminal company organized furnish terminal facilities system port galveston said shipments railroad lines points different union pass repass docks terminal company forms link chain transportation necessary complete avenue move shipments lines owned single corporation unity railroad lines terminal facilities recognized lease young agrees route shipments lines terminal company connections according instructions said terminal company time time provision made possibility lines bidding traffic lower rates event must give notice terminal company give option meeting proposed rates company divert shipments shall abide provisions agreement surely system constituted used instrument interstate commerce may escape regulation one constituents wharfage company dominating power holding company well said interstate commerce commission corporation terminal company lines permitted defeat jurisdiction commission showing fact owned railroad company terminal company part parcel system engaged transportation commerce extent commerce interstate commission jurisdiction supervise control within statutory limits hold otherwise effect permit carriers generally though organization separate corporations exempt terminals regulating authority reasoning commission justified statute includes term bridges ferries used operated connection railroad also roads use corporation operating railroad whether owned operated contract agreement lease shall also include switches spurs tracks terminal facilities every kind used necessary transportation persons property designated herein also freight depots yards grounds used necessary transportation delivery said property property terminal company transportation delivery interstate foreign freight transported lines southern pacific system terminal freight moving lines system rails one lines galveston harrisburg san antonio railway company connecting tracks upon docks terminal company latter collects trackage charge former switching charge terminal company quote commission incidents separate corporations opposition views appellants urge legal individuality different railroads terminal company cite cases establish contended stock ownership simply holding company identify concerned combat proposition record present case stock ownership merely holding company content hold presents case already said one actively managing uniting railroads terminal company organized system system law must deal elements elements may indeed regarded standpoints legal entities may sense separate corporate operation directed paramount combining power made single transactions treated single ordinance city galveston act legislature state public circulars lease young system dealt separate links seen terminal facilities terminal company authorized maintain system corporate elements considered separately next contended lease young facts proven constitute unlawful undue preference interstate commerce act certain extent considered contention absolute advantage young denied facility enabled acquire practically export products must something advantage shippers receive seem proclaim power working benefit working others yet urged contrariety opinion among producers whether young able dominate texas market command foreign trade facts think put matter beyond conjecture opinion demonstrate potency situation preference however denied urged agreed statement facts producers general establishment plants galveston monopoly acquired young great benefit industry also agreed neither galveston wharf company terminal company space enough afford facilities exporters business galveston young commission found practical matter shippers given facilities conditions granted cilities secured bay front found terminal company indicated willing accord shippers generally facilities situation docks respect space generally facilities situation willing may contended patrons railroad obliged seek compete extraordinary facilities terminals may shippers must treated alike appellants bring forward argument support contention consideration advance support first contention wit right owner property make lease property subject limitation shall interference use adjacent navigable waters seem argument force extend rights ownership used well unused property exercised form preference even exclusion shippers wharves however appellants press argument far need dwell upon add terminal facilities contemplated ordinance city galveston act legislature texas confirming public terminal facilities might granted withheld preferences discriminations last contention advanced order commission transcends jurisdiction regulates commerce purely state intrastate also purely foreign commerce neither subject authority support contention insisted evidence shows following facts cake meal purchased young bought texas oklahoma louisiana arkansas chiefly texas shipped bills lading way bills showing point origin destination galveston purchases made export consumption products galveston sales foreign countries sometimes immediate sometimes future delivery irrespective whether product hand galveston times hand times therefore orders must filled cake purchased interior transit cake reaches galveston ground meal sacked young meal thus ground meal brought customers takes ships bills lading made order evidence establishes appellants contend transit cake meal absolutely ended leased premises galveston final point concentration manufacture seed cake manufactured meal sacked export distinguish meal cake meal purchased points outside texas directly exported purchased manufactured wharves terminal company take account fact wharves intended shipping facilities means transition land carriage water carriage manifest said make wharves manufacturing concentrating points one shipper give shipper preference preference traffic necessarily comes jurisdiction interstate commerce commission words manufacture concentration wharves terminal company incidents circumstances presented record transhipment products export trade regulation within power interstate commerce commission hold otherwise disregard commission said substance things make evasions act congress quite easy makes difference therefore shipments products made bills lading whether initial point galveston place texas destined export delivery galveston harrisburg san antonio railway must considered delivered carrier transportation foreign destination terminal company part railway purpose case therefore comes coe errol ed sup said goods interstate necessarily well foreign commerce started course transportation another state delivered carrier transportation gulf texas ed sup facts different case apposite decree affirmed footnotes comp