sheppard
maxwell
argued
february
decided
june
petitioner
wife
bludgeoned
death
july
outset
officials
focused
suspicion
petitioner
arrested
murder
charge
july
indicted
august
trial
began
october
terminated
conviction
december
entire
pretrial
period
virulent
incriminating
publicity
petitioner
murder
made
case
notorious
news
media
frequently
aired
charges
countercharges
besides
petitioner
tried
three
months
trial
examined
five
hours
without
counsel
televised
inquest
conducted
audience
several
hundred
spectators
gymnasium
three
weeks
trial
newspapers
published
names
addresses
prospective
jurors
causing
receive
letters
telephone
calls
case
trial
began
two
weeks
hotly
contested
election
chief
prosecutor
trial
judge
candidates
judgeships
newsmen
allowed
take
almost
entire
small
courtroom
hounding
petitioner
participants
twenty
reporters
assigned
seats
within
bar
close
proximity
jury
counsel
precluding
privacy
petitioner
counsel
movement
reporters
courtroom
caused
frequent
confusion
disrupted
trial
corridors
elsewhere
around
courthouse
allowed
free
rein
trial
judge
broadcasting
station
assigned
space
next
jury
room
jurors
began
deliberations
sequestered
access
news
media
though
made
suggestions
requests
jurors
expose
comment
case
though
sequestered
five
days
four
nights
deliberations
jurors
allowed
make
inadequately
supervised
telephone
calls
period
pervasive
publicity
given
case
throughout
trial
much
involving
incriminating
matter
introduced
trial
jurors
thrust
role
celebrities
least
publicity
deluge
reached
jurors
inception
proceedings
later
trial
judge
announced
neither
anyone
else
restrict
prejudicial
news
accounts
despite
awareness
excessive
pretrial
publicity
trial
judge
failed
take
effective
measures
massive
publicity
continued
throughout
trial
take
adequate
steps
control
conduct
trial
petitioner
filed
habeas
corpus
petition
contending
receive
fair
trial
district
granted
writ
appeals
reversed
held
massive
pervasive
prejudicial
publicity
attending
petitioner
prosecution
prevented
receiving
fair
trial
consistent
due
process
clause
fourteenth
amendment
pp
though
freedom
discussion
given
widest
range
compatible
fair
orderly
administration
justice
must
allowed
divert
trial
purpose
adjudicating
controversies
according
legal
procedures
based
evidence
received
open
pp
identifiable
prejudice
accused
need
shown
estes
texas
even
case
totality
circumstances
raises
probability
prejudice
pp
trial
failed
invoke
procedures
guaranteed
petitioner
fair
trial
adopting
stricter
rules
use
courtroom
newsmen
petitioner
counsel
requested
limiting
number
closely
supervising
courtroom
conduct
also
insulated
witnesses
controlled
release
leads
information
gossip
press
police
officers
witnesses
counsel
proscribed
extrajudicial
statements
lawyer
witness
party
official
divulging
prejudicial
matters
requested
appropriate
city
county
officials
regulate
release
information
employees
pp
case
remanded
district
instructions
release
petitioner
custody
unless
tried
within
reasonable
time
lee
bailey
argued
cause
petitioner
brief
russell
sherman
benjamin
clark
william
saxbe
attorney
general
ohio
john
corrigan
argued
cause
respondent
saxbe
brief
david
kessler
assistant
attorney
general
bernard
berkman
argued
cause
american
civil
liberties
union
et
amici
curiae
urging
reversal
brief
melvin
wulf
john
corrigan
gertrude
bauer
mahon
filed
brief
state
ohio
amicus
curiae
urging
affirmance
justice
clark
delivered
opinion
federal
habeas
corpus
application
involves
question
whether
sheppard
deprived
fair
trial
state
conviction
murder
wife
trial
judge
failure
protect
sheppard
sufficiently
massive
pervasive
prejudicial
publicity
attended
prosecution
district
held
afforded
fair
trial
granted
writ
subject
state
right
put
sheppard
trial
supp
ohio
appeals
sixth
circuit
reversed
divided
vote
granted
certiorari
concluded
sheppard
receive
fair
trial
consistent
due
process
clause
fourteenth
amendment
therefore
reverse
judgment
marilyn
sheppard
petitioner
pregnant
wife
bludgeoned
death
upstairs
bedroom
lakeshore
home
bay
village
ohio
suburb
cleveland
day
tragedy
july
sheppard
pieced
together
several
local
officials
following
story
wife
entertained
neighborhood
friends
aherns
previous
evening
home
dinner
watched
television
living
room
sheppard
became
drowsy
dozed
sleep
couch
later
marilyn
partially
awoke
saying
going
bed
next
thing
remembered
hearing
wife
cry
early
morning
hours
hurried
upstairs
dim
light
hall
saw
form
standing
next
wife
bed
struggled
form
struck
back
neck
rendered
unconscious
regaining
senses
found
floor
next
wife
bed
rose
looked
took
pulse
felt
gone
went
son
room
found
unmolested
hearing
noise
hurried
downstairs
saw
form
running
door
pursued
lake
shore
grappled
beach
lost
consciousness
upon
recovery
lying
face
lower
portion
body
water
returned
home
checked
pulse
wife
neck
determined
thought
gone
went
downstairs
called
neighbor
mayor
houk
bay
village
mayor
wife
came
found
sheppard
slumped
easy
chair
downstairs
asked
happened
sheppard
replied
know
somebody
try
something
marilyn
houk
immediately
went
bedroom
mayor
told
sheppard
get
hold
tell
happened
sheppard
related
events
houk
discovered
body
mayor
called
local
police
richard
sheppard
petitioner
brother
aherns
local
police
first
arrive
turn
notified
coroner
cleveland
police
richard
sheppard
arrived
determined
marilyn
dead
examined
brother
injuries
removed
nearby
clinic
operated
sheppard
family
coroner
cleveland
police
officials
arrived
house
surrounding
area
thoroughly
searched
rooms
house
photographed
many
persons
including
houks
aherns
interrogated
sheppard
home
premises
taken
protective
custody
remained
trial
outset
officials
focused
suspicion
sheppard
search
house
premises
morning
tragedy
gerber
coroner
reported
undenied
told
men
well
evident
doctor
let
go
get
confession
proceeded
interrogate
examine
sheppard
latter
sedation
hospital
room
occasion
coroner
given
clothes
sheppard
wore
time
tragedy
together
personal
items
later
afternoon
chief
eaton
two
cleveland
police
officers
interrogated
sheppard
length
confronting
evidence
demanding
explanations
asked
officer
shotke
take
lie
detector
test
sheppard
said
reliable
shotke
replied
infallible
might
well
tell
us
end
interrogation
shotke
told
sheppard
think
killed
wife
still
later
afternoon
physician
sent
coroner
permitted
make
detailed
examination
sheppard
coroner
inquest
july
time
subpoenaed
sheppard
made
available
frequent
extended
questioning
without
presence
attorney
july
day
marilyn
sheppard
funeral
newspaper
story
appeared
assistant
county
attorney
mahon
later
chief
prosecutor
sheppard
sharply
criticized
refusal
sheppard
family
permit
immediate
questioning
headline
stories
repeatedly
stressed
sheppard
lack
cooperation
police
officials
headline
testify
death
bay
doctor
ordered
one
story
described
visit
coroner
gerber
four
police
officers
hospital
july
sheppard
insisted
lawyer
present
coroner
wrote
subpoena
served
sheppard
agreed
submit
questioning
without
counsel
subpoena
torn
officers
questioned
several
hours
july
sheppard
request
coroner
tragedy
home
coroner
police
officers
group
newsmen
apparently
invited
coroner
home
locked
sheppard
obliged
wait
outside
coroner
arrived
sheppard
performance
reported
detail
news
media
along
photographs
newspapers
also
played
sheppard
refusal
take
lie
detector
test
protective
ring
thrown
family
newspaper
headlines
announced
day
doctor
balks
lie
test
retells
story
column
opposite
story
contained
exclusive
interview
sheppard
headlined
loved
wife
loved
sheppard
tells
news
reporter
next
day
another
headline
story
disclosed
sheppard
late
yesterday
refused
take
lie
detector
test
quoted
assistant
county
attorney
saying
end
questioning
sheppard
felt
ruling
test
completely
subsequent
newspaper
articles
reported
coroner
still
pushing
sheppard
lie
detector
test
stories
appeared
sheppard
allow
authorities
inject
truth
serum
editorial
artillery
opened
fire
charge
somebody
getting
away
murder
editorial
attributed
ineptness
investigation
friendships
relationships
hired
lawyers
husband
subjected
instantly
person
similar
circumstances
subjected
following
day
july
another
editorial
headed
inquest
dr
gerber
coroner
called
inquest
day
subpoenaed
sheppard
staged
next
day
school
gymnasium
coroner
presided
county
prosecutor
advisor
two
detectives
bailiffs
front
room
long
table
occupied
reporters
television
radio
personnel
broadcasting
equipment
hearing
broadcast
live
microphones
placed
coroner
seat
witness
stand
swarm
reporters
photographers
attended
sheppard
brought
room
police
searched
full
view
several
hundred
spectators
sheppard
counsel
present
inquest
permitted
participate
sheppard
chief
counsel
attempted
place
documents
record
forcibly
ejected
room
coroner
received
cheers
hugs
kisses
ladies
audience
sheppard
questioned
five
hours
actions
night
murder
married
life
love
affair
susan
hayes
end
hearing
coroner
announced
order
sheppard
held
grand
jury
throughout
period
newspapers
emphasized
evidence
tended
incriminate
sheppard
pointed
discrepancies
statements
authorities
time
sheppard
made
many
public
statements
press
wrote
feature
articles
asserting
innocence
inquest
july
headline
large
type
stated
kerr
captain
cleveland
police
urges
sheppard
arrest
story
detective
mcarthur
disclosed
scientific
tests
sheppard
home
definitely
established
killer
washed
trail
blood
murder
bedroom
downstairs
section
circumstance
casting
doubt
sheppard
accounts
murder
evidence
produced
trial
newspapers
also
delved
sheppard
personal
life
articles
stressed
extramarital
love
affairs
motive
crime
newspapers
portrayed
sheppard
lothario
fully
explored
relationship
susan
hayes
named
number
women
allegedly
involved
testimony
trial
never
showed
sheppard
illicit
relationships
besides
one
susan
hayes
july
editorial
entitled
police
quiz
top
suspect
demanded
sheppard
taken
police
headquarters
described
following
language
proved
oath
liar
still
free
go
business
shielded
family
protected
smart
lawyer
made
monkeys
police
authorities
carrying
gun
part
time
left
free
whatever
pleases
night
sheppard
arrested
father
home
charge
murder
taken
bay
village
city
hall
hundreds
people
newscasters
photographers
reporters
awaiting
arrival
immediately
arraigned
denied
temporary
delay
secure
presence
counsel
bound
grand
jury
publicity
grew
intensity
indictment
august
typical
coverage
period
interview
entitled
sam
wish
something
get
chest
unfavorable
publicity
included
items
cartoon
body
sphinx
sheppard
head
legend
everything
power
help
solve
terrible
murder
sam
sheppard
headlines
announced
inter
alia
doctor
evidence
ready
jury
corrigan
tactics
stall
quizzing
sheppard
gay
set
revealed
houk
blood
found
garage
new
murder
evidence
found
police
claim
sam
faces
quiz
jail
marilyn
fear
august
article
appeared
headline
sam
writes
story
reproduced
across
entire
front
page
portion
typed
statement
signed
sheppard
guilty
murder
wife
marilyn
trained
help
people
devoted
life
saving
life
commit
terrible
revolting
crime
detail
coverage
five
volumes
filled
similar
clippings
three
cleveland
newspapers
covering
period
murder
sheppard
conviction
december
record
includes
excerpts
newscasts
radio
television
since
space
reserved
courtroom
media
assume
coverage
equally
large
ii
background
case
came
trial
two
weeks
november
general
election
chief
prosecutor
candidate
common
pleas
judge
trial
judge
judge
blythin
candidate
succeed
days
case
set
veniremen
called
prospective
jurors
three
cleveland
newspapers
published
names
addresses
veniremen
consequence
anonymous
letters
telephone
calls
well
calls
friends
regarding
impending
prosecution
received
prospective
jurors
selection
jury
began
october
courtroom
trial
held
measured
feet
long
temporary
table
set
inside
bar
back
single
counsel
table
ran
width
courtroom
parallel
bar
railing
one
end
less
three
feet
jury
box
approximately
representatives
newspapers
wire
services
assigned
seats
table
behind
bar
railing
four
rows
benches
seats
likewise
assigned
entire
trial
first
row
occupied
representatives
television
radio
stations
second
third
rows
reporters
newspapers
magazines
one
side
last
row
accommodated
people
assigned
sheppard
family
marilyn
public
permitted
fill
vacancies
row
special
passes
representatives
news
media
also
used
rooms
courtroom
floor
including
room
cases
ordinarily
called
assigned
trial
private
telephone
lines
telegraphic
equipment
installed
rooms
reports
trial
speeded
papers
station
wsrs
permitted
set
broadcasting
facilities
third
floor
courthouse
next
door
jury
room
jury
rested
recesses
trial
deliberated
newscasts
made
room
throughout
trial
jury
reached
verdict
sidewalk
steps
front
courthouse
television
newsreel
cameras
occasionally
used
take
motion
pictures
participants
trial
including
jury
judge
indeed
one
television
broadcast
carried
staged
interview
judge
entered
courthouse
corridors
outside
courtroom
host
photographers
television
personnel
flash
cameras
portable
lights
motion
picture
cameras
group
photographed
prospective
jurors
selection
jury
trial
opened
witnesses
counsel
jurors
photographed
televised
whenever
entered
left
courtroom
sheppard
brought
courtroom
minutes
session
began
surrounded
reporters
extensively
photographed
newspapers
television
rule
prohibited
courtroom
actual
sessions
restraints
put
photographers
recesses
taken
morning
afternoon
longer
period
lunch
arrangements
news
media
massive
coverage
trial
continued
entire
nine
weeks
trial
courtroom
remained
crowded
capacity
representatives
news
media
movement
courtroom
often
caused
much
confusion
despite
system
installed
courtroom
difficult
witnesses
counsel
heard
furthermore
reporters
clustered
within
bar
small
courtroom
made
confidential
talk
among
sheppard
counsel
almost
impossible
proceedings
frequently
leave
courtroom
obtain
privacy
many
times
counsel
wished
raise
point
judge
hearing
jury
necessary
move
judge
chambers
even
news
media
representatives
packed
judge
anteroom
counsel
hardly
return
chambers
courtroom
reporters
vied
find
counsel
judge
discussed
often
matters
later
appeared
newspapers
accessible
jury
daily
record
proceedings
made
available
newspapers
testimony
witness
printed
verbatim
local
editions
along
objections
counsel
rulings
judge
pictures
sheppard
judge
counsel
pertinent
witnesses
jury
often
accompanied
daily
newspaper
television
accounts
times
newspapers
published
photographs
exhibits
introduced
trial
rooms
sheppard
house
featured
along
relevant
testimony
jurors
constantly
exposed
news
media
every
juror
except
one
testified
voir
dire
reading
case
cleveland
papers
heard
broadcasts
seven
jurors
rendered
verdict
one
cleveland
papers
delivered
home
remaining
jurors
interrogated
point
questions
radios
television
sets
jurors
homes
must
assume
owned
conveniences
selection
jury
progressed
individual
pictures
prospective
members
appeared
daily
trial
pictures
jury
appeared
times
cleveland
papers
alone
permitted
photographers
take
pictures
jury
box
individual
pictures
members
jury
room
one
newspaper
ran
pictures
jurors
sheppard
home
went
view
scene
murder
another
paper
featured
home
life
alternate
juror
day
verdict
rendered
jurors
lunch
sequestered
two
bailiffs
jury
separated
two
groups
pose
photographs
appeared
newspapers
iii
reach
conduct
trial
intense
publicity
continued
unabated
sufficient
relate
flagrant
episodes
october
nine
days
case
went
trial
editorial
one
newspapers
criticized
defense
counsel
random
poll
people
streets
opinion
sheppard
guilt
innocence
effort
use
resulting
statistics
show
necessity
change
venue
article
said
survey
smacks
mass
jury
tampering
called
defense
counsel
drop
stated
bar
association
something
characterized
poll
nonsense
article
called
attention
action
taken
second
day
voir
dire
examination
debate
staged
broadcast
live
whk
radio
participants
newspaper
reporters
accused
sheppard
counsel
throwing
roadblocks
way
prosecution
asserted
sheppard
conceded
guilt
hiring
prominent
criminal
lawyer
sheppard
counsel
objected
broadcast
requested
continuance
judge
denied
motion
counsel
asked
give
protection
events
judge
replied
whk
much
coverage
fter
trying
case
radio
newspapers
means
confine
seriously
courtroom
best
jury
selected
headline
asked
speak
marilyn
story
spoke
perfect
face
accused
study
face
long
want
never
get
hint
might
answer
two
brothers
accused
described
prosperous
poised
two
law
smart
chic
elderly
father
courtly
reserved
perfect
type
patriarch
staunch
clan
author
noted
marilyn
sheppard
still
stage
child
whose
mother
died
young
whose
father
interest
case
author
quotes
detective
chief
james
mcarthur
assured
readers
prosecution
exhibits
speak
marilyn
story
mcarthur
stated
come
courtroom
witnesses
article
ends
realize
missing
perfect
setting
supplied
big
case
justice
done
justice
sam
sheppard
marilyn
sheppard
november
cleveland
police
officer
gave
testimony
tended
contradict
details
written
statement
sheppard
made
cleveland
police
two
days
later
broadcast
heard
station
whk
cleveland
robert
considine
likened
sheppard
perjurer
compared
episode
alger
hiss
confrontation
whittaker
chambers
though
defense
counsel
asked
judge
question
jury
ascertain
many
heard
broadcast
refused
judge
also
overruled
motion
continuance
based
ground
saying
well
know
ca
stop
people
event
listening
matter
free
speech
ca
control
everybody
going
harass
jury
every
morning
getting
point
every
morning
suspecting
jury
confidence
jury
trial
seventh
week
walter
winchell
broadcast
wxel
television
wjw
radio
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california
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duyne
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bar
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ethics
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public
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mass
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trial
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coming
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trials
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process
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trial
subject
regulation
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disciplinary
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since
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trial
judge
fulfill
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protect
sheppard
inherently
prejudicial
publicity
saturated
community
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disruptive
influences
courtroom
must
reverse
denial
habeas
petition
case
remanded
district
instructions
issue
writ
order
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released
custody
unless
state
puts
charges
within
reasonable
time
ordered
footnotes
several
witnesses
sheppard
narrated
experiences
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description
various
details
sheppard
claimed
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perception
caused
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dimness
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loss
consciousness
sheppard
suffering
severe
pain
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eye
shock
newspaper
photographers
reporters
permitted
access
sheppard
home
time
time
took
pictures
throughout
premises
time
newspapers
reported
possible
suspects
cleared
lie
detector
tests
one
persons
quoted
saying
understand
innocent
man
refuse
take
test
newspapers
heavily
emphasized
sheppard
illicit
affair
susan
hayes
fact
initially
lied
number
articles
calculated
evoke
sympathy
sheppard
printed
letters
sheppard
wrote
son
jail
stories
often
appeared
together
news
coverage
unfavorable
many
reporters
photographers
attended
sheppard
trial
attracted
several
nationally
famous
commentators
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counsel
made
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change
venue
judge
postponed
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motions
determined
whether
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jury
impaneled
voir
dire
examination
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members
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service
read
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however
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stated
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judge
overruled
motions
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regard
whether
judge
actions
respect
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issuance
habeas
writ
noted
short
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problem
regard
judicial
elections
delaney
cir
recognized
duty
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circumstances
holding
assurance
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necessitate
trial
case
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think
law
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less
typical
comments
trial
press
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question
sheppard
guilt
innocence
still
courts
examined
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record
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divided
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almost
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watched
performance
cleveland
press
agrees
fair
hearing
defendant
area
modern
miracle
harrison
press
courts
saturday
review
distance
miles
cleveland
looks
us
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sheppard
murder
case
sensationalized
point
press
must
ask
freedom
carried
excess
interfere
conduct
fair
trials
editorial
toledo
blade
unsworn
statement
parties
agreed
status
deposition
made
years
sheppard
conviction
six
years
judge
blythin
death
dorothy
kilgallen
asserted
judge
blythin
told
open
shut
case
guilty
hell
thus
urged
sheppard
released
ground
judge
bias
infected
entire
trial
need
reach
argument
since
judge
failure
insulate
proceedings
prejudicial
publicity
disruptive
influences
deprived
sheppard
chance
receive
fair
hearing
judge
awareness
power
respect
manifest
assignment
seats
press
problem
complicated
independent
action
newspapers
reporting
evidence
gossip
uncovered
press
inferred
sheppard
guilty
stalled
investigation
hid
behind
family
hired
prominent
criminal
lawyer
denounced
mass
jury
tampering
efforts
gather
evidence
community
prejudice
caused
publications
sheppard
counterattacks
added
fuel
circumstances
preclude
asserting
right
fair
trial
putting
one
side
news
stories
attributed
police
officials
prospective
witnesses
sheppards
lawyers
possible
publicity
prejudicial
effect
cf
report
president
commission
assassination
president
kennedy
two
police
officers
testified
trial
sheppard
refused
take
lie
detector
test
judge
declined
give
requested
instruction
results
test
inadmissible
event
simply
told
jury
person
obligation
take
lie
detector
test
premature
disclosure
weighing
evidence
may
seriously
jeopardize
defendant
right
impartial
jury
either
press
public
right
contemporaneously
informed
police
prosecuting
authorities
details
evidence
accumulated
sheppard
cf
report
president
commission
supra
department
justice
city
new
york
governmental
agencies
issued
regulations
cfr
general
information
topic
see
periodic
publications
nos
freedom
information
center
school
journalism
university
missouri