hoffa
argued
october
decided
december
together
parks
campbell
king
also
certiorari
petitioners
convicted
endeavoring
bribe
members
jury
previous
trial
petitioner
hoffa
violating
act
resulted
hung
jury
substantial
information
evidence
given
prosecution
partin
paid
government
informer
throughout
trial
repeatedly
hoffa
company
hoffa
hotel
suite
hotel
lobby
elsewhere
appeals
affirmed
convictions
granted
certiorari
question
whether
use
evidence
furnished
informer
rendered
convictions
invalid
held
rights
fourth
amendment
violated
failure
partin
disclose
role
government
informer
hoffa
made
incriminating
statements
presence
partin
invitee
relied
security
hotel
room
misplaced
confidence
partin
reveal
wrongdoing
pp
hoffa
conversations
partin
entirely
voluntary
involved
fifth
amendment
privilege
compulsory
pp
violation
sixth
amendment
right
counsel
case
pp
sixth
amendment
violation
resulting
partin
reporting
government
activities
hoffa
counsel
preparing
defense
trial
might
invalidated
conviction
trial
conviction
subsequent
trial
different
offense
endeavoring
bribe
jurors
rendered
invalid
admission
hoffa
incriminating
statements
heard
partin
none
made
presence
counsel
connection
legitimate
defense
trial
caldwell
app
coplon
app
distinguished
pp
government
obliged
arrest
hoffa
first
probable
cause
though
admissions
without
counsel
arrest
might
barred
since
law
enforcement
officers
duty
halt
crime
investigation
minimum
evidence
establish
probable
cause
pp
use
secret
informer
per
se
unconstitutional
use
partin
case
violate
due
process
requirements
veracity
fully
subject
safeguards
trial
instructions
jury
pp
joseph
fanelli
argued
cause
petitioners
cases
briefs
morris
shenker
daniel
maher
jacques
schiffer
cecil
branstetter
maktos
harold
brown
assistant
attorney
general
vinson
nathan
lewin
argued
cause
cases
brief
solicitor
general
marshall
philip
monahan
briefs
amici
curiae
urging
reversal
filed
morris
lavine
criminal
courts
bar
association
los
angeles
county
osmond
fraenkel
american
civil
liberties
union
justice
stewart
delivered
opinion
period
several
weeks
late
autumn
took
place
federal
nashville
tennessee
trial
jury
james
hoffa
charged
violating
provision
act
trial
known
present
record
test
fleet
trial
ended
hung
jury
petitioners
us
james
hoffa
thomas
parks
larry
campbell
ewing
king
tried
convicted
endeavoring
bribe
members
jury
convictions
affirmed
appeals
substantial
element
government
proof
led
convictions
four
petitioners
contributed
witness
named
edward
partin
testified
several
incriminating
statements
said
petitioners
hoffa
king
made
presence
course
test
fleet
trial
grant
certiorari
limited
single
issue
whether
government
use
case
evidence
supplied
partin
operated
invalidate
convictions
specific
question
us
framed
counsel
petitioners
whether
evidence
obtained
government
means
deceptively
placing
secret
informer
quarters
councils
defendant
one
criminal
trial
violates
defendant
fourth
fifth
sixth
amendment
rights
suppression
evidence
required
subsequent
trial
defendant
different
charge
controlling
facts
briefly
stated
test
fleet
trial
james
hoffa
sole
individual
defendant
progress
october
december
nashville
tennessee
james
hoffa
president
international
brotherhood
teamsters
course
trial
occupied
suite
andrew
jackson
hotel
nashville
one
constant
companions
throughout
trial
petitioner
king
president
nashville
local
teamsters
union
edward
partin
resident
baton
rouge
louisiana
local
teamsters
union
official
made
repeated
visits
nashville
period
trial
visits
frequented
hoffa
hotel
suite
continually
company
hoffa
associates
including
king
around
hotel
suite
hotel
lobby
courthouse
elsewhere
nashville
period
partin
made
frequent
reports
federal
agent
named
sheridan
concerning
conversations
said
hoffa
king
disclosing
endeavors
bribe
members
test
fleet
jury
partin
reports
subsequent
testimony
petitioners
trial
unquestionably
contributed
directly
indirectly
convictions
four
petitioners
chain
circumstances
led
partin
nashville
test
fleet
trial
extended
back
least
september
time
partin
jail
baton
rouge
state
criminal
charge
also
federal
indictment
embezzling
union
funds
indictments
state
offenses
pending
time
partin
initial
visit
nashville
october
released
bail
state
criminal
charge
proceedings
federal
indictment
postponed
october
partin
telephoned
hoffa
washington
discuss
local
union
matters
partin
difficulties
authorities
course
conversation
partin
asked
see
hoffa
confer
problems
hoffa
acquiesced
partin
called
hoffa
october
arranged
meet
nashville
period
partin
also
consulted
several
occasions
federal
law
enforcement
agents
told
hoffa
might
attempt
tamper
test
fleet
jury
asked
lookout
nashville
attempts
report
federal
authorities
evidence
wrongdoing
discovered
partin
agreed
test
fleet
trial
completed
partin
wife
received
four
monthly
installment
payments
government
funds
state
federal
charges
partin
either
dropped
actively
pursued
reviewing
circumstances
detail
government
insists
fair
inference
partin
went
nashville
initiative
discuss
union
business
problems
hoffa
partin
ultimately
cooperated
closely
federal
authorities
discovered
evidence
jury
tampering
test
fleet
trial
payments
partin
wife
simply
partial
reimbursement
partin
subsequent
expenses
failure
prosecute
partin
state
federal
charges
necessary
connection
services
informer
findings
trial
support
version
facts
findings
accepted
appeals
supported
substantial
evidence
whether
government
placed
partin
hoffa
nashville
test
fleet
trial
proceed
upon
premise
partin
government
informer
time
first
arrived
nashville
october
government
compensated
services
upon
premise
consider
constitutional
issues
presented
turning
issues
mention
additional
preliminary
contention
government
petitioner
hoffa
individual
defendant
test
fleet
case
partin
conversations
test
fleet
trial
petitioner
king
far
appears
partin
never
saw
either
two
petitioners
period
consequently
government
argues
four
petitioners
hoffa
standing
raise
claim
sixth
amendment
right
counsel
test
fleet
trial
impaired
king
standing
respect
constitutional
claims
cf
wong
sun
jones
clear
hand
partin
reports
agent
sheridan
uncovered
leads
made
possible
development
evidence
petitioners
parks
campbell
need
pursue
nuances
standing
questions
evident
event
none
petitioners
prevail
unless
petitioner
hoffa
prevails
reason
ensuing
discussion
confined
claims
petitioner
hoffa
hereinafter
petitioner
clearly
standing
invoke
contended
violating
petitioner
rights
fourth
amendment
partin
able
hear
petitioner
incriminating
statements
hotel
suite
partin
testimony
therefore
inadmissible
exclusionary
rule
weeks
argument
partin
failure
disclose
role
government
informer
vitiated
consent
petitioner
gave
partin
repeated
entries
suite
listening
petitioner
statements
partin
conducted
illegal
search
verbal
evidence
preliminary
steps
argument
solid
ground
hotel
room
clearly
object
fourth
amendment
protection
much
home
office
jeffers
fourth
amendment
certainly
violated
guileful
well
forcible
intrusions
constitutionally
protected
area
gouled
protections
fourth
amendment
surely
limited
tangibles
extend
well
oral
statements
silverman
argument
falls
misapprehension
fundamental
nature
scope
fourth
amendment
protection
fourth
amendment
protects
security
man
relies
upon
places
property
within
constitutionally
protected
area
home
office
hotel
room
automobile
protected
unwarranted
governmental
intrusion
puts
something
filing
cabinet
desk
drawer
pocket
right
know
secure
unreasonable
search
unreasonable
seizure
fourth
amendment
tolerate
warrantless
search
hotel
room
jeffers
purloining
petitioner
private
papers
gouled
surreptitious
electronic
surveillance
silverman
countless
cases
come
years
involved
myriad
differing
factual
contexts
protections
fourth
amendment
appropriately
invoked
doubt
future
bring
countless
others
nothing
say
either
foresee
foreclose
factual
situations
fourth
amendment
may
applicable
present
case
however
evident
interest
legitimately
protected
fourth
amendment
involved
obvious
petitioner
relying
security
hotel
suite
made
incriminating
statements
partin
partin
presence
partin
enter
suite
force
stealth
surreptitious
eavesdropper
partin
suite
invitation
every
conversation
heard
either
directed
knowingly
carried
presence
petitioner
word
relying
security
hotel
room
relying
upon
misplaced
confidence
partin
reveal
wrongdoing
counsel
petitioner
points
communications
partin
take
place
suite
hall
hotel
andrew
jackson
hotel
lobby
courthouse
neither
member
ever
expressed
view
fourth
amendment
protects
wrongdoer
misplaced
belief
person
voluntarily
confides
wrongdoing
reveal
indeed
unanimously
rejected
contention
less
four
years
ago
lopez
case
petitioner
convicted
attempted
bribery
internal
revenue
agent
named
davis
divided
regard
admissibility
evidence
surreptitious
electronic
recording
incriminating
conversation
lopez
private
office
davis
dissent
view
testimony
conversation
davis
clearly
admissible
put
davis
guilty
unlawful
invasion
petitioner
office
simply
apparent
willingness
accept
bribe
real
compare
wong
sun
office
petitioner
consent
violate
privacy
office
seizing
something
surreptitiously
without
petitioner
knowledge
compare
gouled
supra
evidence
obtained
consisted
statements
made
lopez
davis
statements
lopez
knew
full
well
used
davis
wished
words
dissenting
opinion
lopez
risk
overheard
eavesdropper
betrayed
informer
deceived
identity
one
one
deals
probably
inherent
conditions
human
society
kind
risk
necessarily
assume
whenever
speak
see
also
lewis
ante
adhering
views
hold
right
protected
fourth
amendment
violated
present
case
ii
petitioner
argues
right
fifth
amendment
compelled
criminal
case
witness
violated
admission
partin
testimony
claim
without
merit
sharply
differing
views
within
ultimate
reach
fifth
amendment
right
compulsory
differences
aired
last
term
miranda
arizona
since
least
long
ago
chief
justice
marshall
first
gave
attention
matter
trial
aaron
burr
agreed
necessary
element
compulsory
kind
compulsion
thus
miranda
case
dealing
fifth
amendment
impact
upon
police
interrogation
persons
custody
predicated
decision
upon
conclusion
without
proper
safeguards
process
interrogation
persons
suspected
accused
crime
contains
inherently
compelling
pressures
work
undermine
individual
resist
compel
speak
otherwise
freely
present
case
claim
made
petitioner
incriminating
statements
product
sort
coercion
legal
factual
petitioner
conversations
partin
partin
presence
wholly
voluntary
reason
clear
right
protected
fifth
amendment
privilege
compulsory
violated
case
iii
petitioner
makes
two
separate
claims
sixth
amendment
give
separate
consideration
course
test
fleet
trial
petitioner
lawyers
used
suite
place
confer
interview
witnesses
plan
following
day
trial
strategy
therefore
argues
petitioner
partin
presence
around
suite
violated
petitioner
sixth
amendment
right
counsel
essential
ingredient
thereof
right
defendant
counsel
prepare
trial
without
intrusion
upon
confidential
relationship
agent
government
defendant
trial
adversary
since
partin
presence
suite
thus
violated
sixth
amendment
argument
continues
evidence
acquired
reason
presence
constitutionally
tainted
therefore
inadmissible
petitioner
case
reject
argument
first
place
far
clear
extent
partin
present
conversations
conferences
petitioner
counsel
several
petitioner
test
fleet
lawyers
testified
hearing
motion
suppress
partin
testimony
present
case
said
partin
heard
position
hear
least
lawyers
discussions
test
fleet
trial
hand
partin
testified
lawyers
move
wanted
discuss
case
denied
made
effort
get
present
conversations
lawyers
anything
sort
engaging
banalities
things
looked
look
said
might
heard
lawyers
conversations
know
talking
interested
say
case
testified
report
lawyers
conversations
sheridan
latter
interested
attorneys
said
partin
testimony
largely
confirmed
sheridan
sheridan
testify
however
one
occasion
partin
told
group
prospective
character
witnesses
interviewed
suite
one
petitioner
lawyers
going
written
questions
answers
information
evidently
relayed
sheridan
chief
government
attorney
test
fleet
trial
district
present
case
apparently
credited
partin
testimony
finding
interference
government
relationship
defendant
case
appeals
accepted
finding
view
sheridan
testimony
partin
report
interviews
prospective
character
witnesses
however
proceed
hypothesis
partin
observe
report
sheridan
least
activities
defense
counsel
test
fleet
trial
proposition
surreptitious
invasion
government
agent
legal
camp
defense
may
violate
protection
sixth
amendment
found
expression
two
cases
decided
appeals
district
columbia
circuit
caldwell
app
coplon
app
cases
dealt
government
intrusion
grossest
kind
upon
confidential
relationship
defendant
counsel
coplon
defendant
alleged
government
agents
deliberately
intercepted
telephone
consultations
defendant
lawyer
trial
caldwell
agent
dual
capacity
defense
assistant
government
agent
gained
free
access
planning
defense
neither
dealings
defense
reports
prosecution
limited
proposed
unlawful
acts
defense
covered
many
matters
connected
impending
trial
app
may
assume
coplon
caldwell
cases
rightly
decided
assume
without
deciding
government
activities
test
fleet
trial
sufficiently
similar
went
coplon
caldwell
invoke
rule
decisions
consequently
test
fleet
trial
resulted
conviction
instead
hung
jury
conviction
presumptively
set
aside
constitutionally
defective
cf
black
ante
holding
follows
presumption
petitioner
conviction
present
case
set
aside
unprecedented
irrational
coplon
caldwell
appeals
held
government
intrusion
upon
defendant
relationship
lawyer
invalidates
trial
occurred
app
app
cases
directed
new
trial
second
trial
caldwell
resulted
conviction
declined
review
app
argument
therefore
goes
far
beyond
anything
decided
caldwell
coplon
petitioner
argument
accepted
new
conviction
existing
charges
caldwell
even
conviction
different
charges
defendant
possible
imagine
case
prosecution
might
pervasively
insinuate
councils
defense
make
new
trial
charges
impermissible
sixth
amendment
even
arguable
situation
hypothesized
government
previous
activities
undermining
defendant
sixth
amendment
rights
one
trial
make
evidence
obtained
thereby
inadmissible
different
trial
charges
case
us
remotely
approach
situation
clinching
basic
fact
present
case
none
petitioner
incriminating
statements
partin
heard
made
presence
counsel
hearing
counsel
connection
way
legitimate
defense
test
fleet
prosecution
petitioner
statements
related
commission
quite
separate
offense
attempted
bribery
jurors
statements
made
partin
presence
lawyers
even
assuming
therefore
might
sixth
amendment
violation
might
made
invalid
conviction
one
test
fleet
case
evidence
supplied
partin
present
case
sense
fruit
violation
wong
sun
case
involving
exclusion
evidence
fourth
amendment
stated
apt
question
case
whether
granting
establishment
primary
illegality
evidence
instant
objection
made
come
exploitation
illegality
instead
means
sufficiently
distinguishable
purged
primary
taint
maguire
evidence
guilt
even
upon
premise
strict
standard
excludability
apply
sixth
amendment
question
need
decide
clear
partin
evidence
case
consequence
exploitation
sixth
amendment
violation
petitioner
incriminating
statements
partin
testified
case
totally
unrelated
time
subject
matter
assumed
intrusion
partin
conferences
petitioner
counsel
test
fleet
trial
incriminating
statements
made
presence
hearing
petitioner
counsel
embodied
antithesis
legitimate
defense
test
fleet
trial
petitioner
second
argument
sixth
amendment
needs
extended
discussion
argument
goes
follows
later
october
government
sufficient
ground
taking
petitioner
custody
charging
endeavors
tamper
test
fleet
jury
government
done
continued
question
petitioner
without
observance
sixth
amendment
right
counsel
massiah
escobedo
illinois
therefore
argument
concludes
evidence
statements
made
petitioner
subsequent
october
inadmissible
government
acquired
evidence
flouting
petitioner
sixth
amendment
right
counsel
nothing
massiah
escobedo
case
come
attention
even
remotely
suggests
novel
paradoxical
constitutional
doctrine
decline
adopt
constitutional
right
arrested
police
required
guess
peril
precise
moment
probable
cause
arrest
suspect
risking
violation
fourth
amendment
act
soon
violation
sixth
amendment
wait
long
law
enforcement
officers
constitutional
duty
call
halt
criminal
investigation
moment
minimum
evidence
establish
probable
cause
quantum
evidence
may
fall
far
short
amount
necessary
support
criminal
conviction
iv
finally
petitioner
claims
even
violation
separately
measured
amendment
fourth
amendment
compulsory
clause
fifth
amendment
sixth
amendment
case
judgment
conviction
must
nonetheless
reversed
argument
based
upon
due
process
clause
fifth
amendment
totality
government
conduct
test
fleet
trial
operated
said
offend
canons
decency
fairness
express
notions
justice
peoples
even
toward
charged
heinous
offenses
rochin
california
argument
boils
general
attack
upon
use
government
informer
shabby
thing
case
claim
circumstances
particular
case
risk
partin
testimony
might
perjurious
high
insofar
general
attack
upon
use
informers
based
upon
historic
notions
peoples
without
historical
foundation
words
judge
learned
hand
courts
countenanced
use
informers
time
immemorial
cases
conspiracy
cases
crime
consists
preparing
another
crime
usually
necessary
rely
upon
upon
accomplices
criminals
almost
certainly
proceed
covertly
dennis
say
secret
government
informer
slightest
degree
free
relevant
constitutional
restrictions
government
agent
see
massiah
say
use
secret
informers
per
se
unconstitutional
petitioner
quite
correct
contention
partin
perhaps
even
informers
may
motives
lie
follow
testimony
untrue
follow
testimony
constitutionally
inadmissible
established
safeguards
legal
system
leave
veracity
witness
tested
credibility
testimony
determined
properly
instructed
jury
trial
case
partin
subjected
rigorous
extent
nature
dealings
federal
state
authorities
insistently
explored
trial
judge
instructed
jury
specifically
generally
regard
assessing
partin
credibility
constitution
require
us
upset
jury
verdict
affirmed
opinion
justice
douglas
see
post
footnotes
partin
testified
trial
case
petitioners
hoffa
king
made
following
statements
course
test
fleet
trial
october
day
partin
first
arrived
nashville
king
told
meeting
set
jury
night
evening
hoffa
told
partin
wanted
partin
stay
nashville
order
call
people
hoffa
explained
going
get
one
juror
try
get
scattered
jurors
take
chances
next
day
partin
told
hoffa
hoffa
might
want
pass
something
hoffa
said
hit
rear
pocket
hand
october
day
test
fleet
juror
james
tippens
reported
trial
judge
approached
bribe
offer
partin
asked
hoffa
wanting
partin
pass
something
hoffa
replied
dirty
bastards
went
told
judge
neighbor
offered
added
going
lay
low
days
king
told
partin
october
intended
influence
female
juror
paschal
hoffa
favor
added
juror
husband
highway
patrolman
loved
money
lot
money
hoffa
informed
partin
october
pay
whatever
whatever
cost
get
jury
november
partin
presence
hoffa
berated
king
failing
promises
get
patrolman
king
told
partin
arranging
meeting
highway
patrolman
november
king
admitted
partin
yet
contacted
highway
patrolman
hoffa
complaining
getting
jury
hoffa
criticized
king
presence
partin
november
making
contact
like
told
adding
wanted
insurance
later
day
king
told
partin
arranged
meet
highway
patrolman
prepared
cover
story
allay
suspicion
november
hoffa
asked
king
partin
presence
whether
made
contacts
king
related
partin
november
meeting
king
juror
paschal
husband
stating
highway
patrolman
wanted
promotion
rather
money
day
hoffa
told
partin
disturbed
highway
patrolman
take
money
adding
taken
money
pinned
backed
evidence
trial
petitioner
campbell
union
associate
hoffa
petitioner
parks
campbell
uncle
made
bribe
offers
gratin
fields
negro
juror
november
according
partin
hoffa
told
partin
colored
male
juror
hip
pocket
campbell
took
care
hoffa
told
partin
campbell
negro
related
fields
fields
refused
bribe
go
people
hoffa
concluded
looks
like
best
bet
hung
jury
unless
get
foreman
jury
hung
jury
acquittal
never
try
case
denying
defense
motion
suppress
partin
testimony
trial
stated
find
government
place
witness
partin
defendants
midst
anything
placing
midst
rather
knowingly
voluntarily
placed
midst
one
defendants
trial
memorandum
denying
motion
new
trial
contained
following
statement
action
denying
motions
defendants
suppress
testimony
witness
partin
complained
grounds
motions
new
trial
contended
one
findings
fact
respect
motion
suppress
rendered
incorrect
subsequent
evidence
case
contended
telephone
transcriptions
telephone
calls
partin
hoffa
october
established
defendant
hoffa
invite
partin
nashville
telephone
transcriptions
reflect
defendant
hoffa
agreed
appointment
see
partin
nashville
even
defendant
hoffa
initiate
invitation
partin
come
nashville
rather
partin
solicited
invitation
way
alter
finding
government
place
keep
partin
defendant
hoffa
government
requested
partin
report
information
jury
tampering
illegal
activity
became
aware
partin
voluntarily
furnished
information
remained
nashville
returned
nashville
either
request
consent
defendant
hoffa
instruction
government
deal
law
arrest
fourth
amendment
applicability
fourth
amendment
partin
stranger
petitioner
question
decide
cf
lewis
ante
many
links
frequently
compose
chain
testimony
necessary
convict
individual
crime
appears
true
sense
rule
witness
compellable
furnish
one
willie
fed
cas
emphasis
supplied
petitioner
maintains
one
character
witnesses
test
fleet
trial
shows
prosecution
availed
information
transmitted
partin
following
exchange
prosecutor
witness
occurred
defense
counsel
give
anything
read
mr
sammut
sir
even
newspaper
even
newspaper
talking
newspapers
talking
respect
testimony
give
anything
read
respect
testimony
talked
gave
written
questions
answers
questions
asked
questions
answered
coplon
grant
new
trial
conditioned
defendant
proof
wiretapping
allegations
caldwell
case
appeals
implicitly
recognized
possibility
case
arising
showing
made
prejudice
defense
nature
necessarily
render
subsequent
trial
unfair
accused
app
put
one
side
extraordinary
problems
arisen
petitioner
arrested
charged
progress
test
fleet
trial
partin
underwent
entire
week
defense
afforded
wide
latitude
probe
partin
background
character
ties
authorities
permitted
explore
matters
normally
excludable
example
whether
partin
charged
crime
even
though
charge
never
prosecuted
judge
instructed
jury
petitioner
contention
invite
edward
partin
come
nashville
tennessee
trial
test
fleet
case
said
edward
partin
came
accord
pretense
attempting
convince
hoffa
teamsters
local
union
baton
rouge
louisiana
placed
trusteeship
reason
partin
indictment
misconduct
partin
part
real
purpose
fabricating
evidence
hoffa
order
serve
purposes
interests
jury
instructed
carefully
scrutinize
testimony
given
circumstances
witness
testified
every
matter
evidence
tends
indicate
whether
witness
worthy
belief
consider
witness
intelligence
motives
state
mind
demeanor
manner
witness
stand
consider
also
relation
witness
may
bear
either
side
case
evidence
witness
whose
shown
either
benefits
received
detriments
suffered
threats
promises
made
attitude
witness
might
tend
prompt
testimony
either
favorable
unfavorable
accused
considered
caution
weighed
care
chief
justice
warren
dissenting
agree
either
opinion
affirming
convictions
separate
opinions
justice
clark
justice
douglas
effect
writs
certiorari
improvidently
granted
latter
seems
finding
district
troubles
brothers
clark
douglas
fact
roadblock
review
important
questions
presented
petitions
long
settled
bound
findings
lower
courts
alleged
fundamental
constitutional
rights
violated
jacobellis
ohio
haynes
washington
watts
indiana
hooven
allison
evatt
norris
alabama
said
duty
make
independent
examination
record
federal
constitutional
deprivations
alleged
clear
resting
solemn
responsibility
maintaining
constitution
inviolate
napue
illinois
finding
question
one
district
judge
arrived
resolving
contradictory
testimony
basis
credibility
findings
fact
based
crediting
testimony
witnesses
discrediting
testimony
others
may
properly
accorded
insulation
appellate
review
superior
opportunity
trial
judge
observe
demeanor
witnesses
case
however
testimony
concerning
circumstances
surrounding
partin
entry
hoffa
councils
substantially
dispute
circumstances
set
forth
greater
detail
infra
brief
summary
discloses
partin
discussing
hoffa
federal
agents
learning
intense
mutually
beneficial
interest
successfully
solicited
invitation
meet
hoffa
partin
release
jail
assisted
federal
agents
compensated
financial
sense
well
return
kept
federal
agents
fully
informed
occurred
outset
contact
hoffa
surely
reasonable
construction
facts
partin
acting
paid
federal
informer
traveled
nashville
attached
hoffa
fact
hoffa
partin
urging
agreed
meeting
nashville
inconsistent
conclusion
invasion
basic
rights
made
possible
prevailing
upon
friendship
victim
less
proscribed
invasion
accomplished
force
see
massiah
gouled
moreover
time
granted
petitions
certiorari
cases
knew
exactly
know
findings
district
record
us
new
facts
change
situation
since
come
light
short
nothing
prevent
us
facing
important
questions
presented
determining
whether
convictions
stand
either
light
constitution
power
supervision
administration
justice
federal
courts
ii
case
two
others
decided
today
lewis
ante
osborn
post
present
comparison
different
facets
government
use
informers
undercover
agents
two
cases
set
voted
sustain
activity
government
case
find
impossible
nature
official
practices
evidenced
offensive
fair
administration
justice
federal
courts
late
date
annals
law
enforcement
seems
say
either
every
use
informers
undercover
agents
proper
hand
uses
situations
law
adequately
enforced
without
employment
guile
misrepresentation
identity
law
enforcement
officer
performing
official
duties
required
always
uniform
wear
badge
authority
lapel
civilian
clothing
need
required
situations
proclaim
arm
law
blinks
realities
sophisticated
criminal
activity
legitimate
law
enforcement
practices
argue
contrary
however
one
important
duties
give
careful
scrutiny
practices
government
agents
challenged
cases
us
order
insure
protections
constitution
respected
maintain
integrity
federal
law
enforcement
find
three
cases
decide
today
quite
distinguishable
regard
although
three
involve
may
termed
official
deception
order
gather
evidence
criminal
prosecutions
police
practices
reviewed
essentially
different
simplest
three
lewis
wherein
federal
narcotics
agent
reason
believe
lewis
trafficker
narcotics
called
telephone
using
assumed
name
told
mutual
friend
said
lewis
sold
narcotics
lewis
affirmed
nature
occupation
invited
agent
place
business
incidental
matter
turned
also
home
agent
went
purchased
narcotics
arranged
future
dealings
occur
place
basis
later
second
purchase
narcotics
executed
agent
manner
lewis
intrusion
upon
privacy
household
nothing
heard
seen
taken
agent
necessary
part
business
transactions
lewis
purpose
agent
visits
buy
narcotics
lewis
details
business
dealings
concerned
lewis
simply
case
undercover
agent
invaded
place
used
business
location
home
overtly
covertly
either
seized
something
observed
heard
something
unrelated
business
purpose
visit
said
affirming
lewis
conviction
principles
elaborated
gouled
protect
overreaching
endorse
unconscionable
activities
use
unreliable
informer
sustain
undercover
work
agent
responsible
lewis
conviction
compare
sherman
osborn
case
petitioner
employed
robert
vick
police
officer
nashville
tennessee
investigate
persons
members
panel
federal
criminal
jury
selected
prior
trial
james
hoffa
city
although
knew
vick
loyalty
due
police
department
learned
vick
cousin
panel
urged
vick
offer
cousin
return
latter
promise
vote
acquittal
selected
sit
petit
jury
vick
informed
federal
authorities
proposal
made
affidavit
effect
judge
preside
hoffa
trial
judge
order
determine
truthfulness
affidavit
protect
integrity
trial
authorized
equipping
vick
recording
device
used
conversations
petitioner
see
nothing
wrong
government
thus
verifying
truthfulness
informer
protecting
credibility
fashion
lopez
decision
sense
supports
conclusion
unbridled
use
electronic
recording
equipment
permitted
searching
crime
lend
judicial
sanction
wiretapping
electronic
bugging
questionable
spying
practices
used
invade
privacy
appear
increasingly
prevalent
country
today
cf
silverman
black
ante
schipani
cert
denied
post
rehearing
granted
judgment
vacated
case
remanded
suggestion
solicitor
general
post
consider
lewis
osborn
materially
even
fundamentally
different
hoffa
case
edward
partin
jailbird
languishing
louisiana
jail
indictments
state
federal
crimes
embezzlement
kidnapping
manslaughter
soon
charged
perjury
assault
contacted
federal
authorities
told
willing
become
useful
informer
hoffa
tried
test
fleet
case
motive
immediately
apparent
namely
strong
desire
work
way
jail
various
legal
entanglements
state
federal
governments
interesting
note
motive
uniquely
successful
satisfying
four
years
since
first
volunteered
informer
hoffa
prosecuted
serious
federal
charges
time
jailed
state
charges
apparently
vanished
thin
air
shortly
partin
made
contact
federal
authorities
told
position
baton
rouge
local
teamsters
union
acquaintance
hoffa
bail
suddenly
reduced
released
jail
immediately
telephoned
hoffa
new
jersey
collaborating
state
law
enforcement
official
surreptitiously
made
tape
recording
conversation
copy
recording
furnished
federal
authorities
pretext
wanting
talk
hoffa
regarding
partin
legal
difficulties
partin
telephoned
hoffa
weeks
later
succeeded
making
date
meet
nashville
hoffa
attorneys
preparing
test
fleet
trial
unknown
hoffa
call
also
recorded
federal
authorities
informed
details
upon
arrival
nashville
partin
manifested
friendship
made
useful
hoffa
thereby
worming
way
hoffa
hotel
suite
becoming
part
parcel
hoffa
entourage
faithful
servant
factotum
defense
camp
became
position
overhear
conversations
directed
many
attorneys
either
client
prospective
defense
witnesses
pursuant
general
instructions
received
federal
authorities
report
attempts
witness
intimidation
tampering
jury
anything
illegal
even
anything
interest
partin
became
equivalent
bugging
device
moved
hoffa
wherever
went
everything
partin
saw
heard
reported
federal
authorities
much
ultimately
subject
matter
testimony
case
services
well
paid
government
devious
secret
support
payments
wife
may
inferred
executed
promises
pursue
indictments
charged
time
became
informer
type
informer
uses
put
case
evidence
serious
potential
undermining
integrity
process
federal
courts
given
incentives
background
partin
conviction
allowed
stand
based
heavily
testimony
exactly
quicksand
upon
convictions
rest
without
partin
principal
government
witness
probably
convictions
thus
although
petitioners
make
main
arguments
constitutional
grounds
raise
serious
fourth
sixth
amendment
questions
even
necessary
reach
questions
affront
quality
fairness
federal
law
enforcement
case
presents
sufficient
require
exercise
supervisory
powers
said
ordering
new
trial
mesarosh
federal
case
involving
testimony
unsavory
informer
government
admitted
committed
perjury
cases
federal
criminal
case
supervisory
jurisdiction
proceedings
federal
courts
duty
perform
regard
see
waters
justice
polluted
pollution
taken
place
condition
remedied
earliest
opportunity
government
strong
free
nation
need
convictions
based
upon
testimony
afford
abide
say
government
may
never
use
witness
person
dubious
even
bad
character
performing
duty
prosecute
crime
government
must
take
witnesses
finds
may
persons
good
bad
doubtful
credibility
testimony
may
way
establish
facts
leaving
jury
determine
credibility
case
however
totally
different
situation
government
reaches
jailhouse
employ
man
facing
indictments
far
serious
later
including
one
perjury
one
confronting
man
offered
inform
employed
purpose
testifying
something
already
happened
rather
purpose
infiltration
see
crimes
future
committed
government
zeal
even
assisted
gaining
position
witness
confidential
relationship
attorney
client
engaged
preparation
criminal
defense
dubious
evidence
thus
obtained
government
paid
enormous
price
certainly
criminal
defendant
insinuated
informer
prosecution
camp
manner
guilty
obstructing
justice
agree
happened
case
keeping
standards
justice
federal
system
must
therefore
dissent
recording
used
means
avoid
calling
informer
testify
noted
opinion
concurring
result
lopez
sanction
use
secretly
made
recording
purposes
corroborating
testimony
witness
give
firsthand
testimony
concerning
recorded
conversations
made
available
one
sydney
simpson
partin
cellmate
time
latter
first
contacted
federal
agents
discuss
hoffa
testified
affidavit
follows
sometime
september
transferred
donaldsonville
parish
jail
baton
rouge
parish
jail
placed
cell
partin
first
days
partin
acted
sort
brave
clear
going
get
hurry
became
excited
nervous
cell
partin
three
days
partin
said
know
way
get
want
hoffa
want
partin
told
going
get
one
deputies
get
bill
daniels
bill
daniels
officer
state
louisiana
partin
said
wanted
talk
daniels
hoffa
partin
said
going
talk
captain
edwards
ask
get
daniels
deputy
whose
name
known
came
took
partin
cell
partin
remained
away
several
hours
days
later
partin
released
jail
day
first
saw
deputy
date
partin
released
partin
cell
day
sometimes
part
night
one
occasion
partin
returned
cell
said
take
days
things
straightened
worry
partin
taken
cell
frequently
day
partin
told
time
working
daniels
fbi
frame
hoffa
one
occasion
asked
partin
knew
enough
hoffa
help
daniels
fbi
partin
said
make
difference
know
fix
cell
asked
partin
hoffa
partin
replied
difference
make
thinking
thinking
give
damn
hoffa
mr
dismiss
writs
certiorari
improvidently
granted
writs
certiorari
granted
cases
limited
following
question
whether
evidence
obtained
government
means
deceptively
placing
secret
informer
quarters
councils
defendant
one
criminal
trial
violates
defendant
fourth
fifth
sixth
amendment
rights
suppression
evidence
required
subsequent
trial
defendant
different
charge
long
rule
undertake
review
concurrent
findings
fact
two
courts
absence
obvious
exceptional
showing
error
graver
mfg
linde
careful
examination
record
shows
choice
two
permissible
views
weight
evidence
district
judge
found
weight
evidence
government
appeals
approved
finding
say
record
clearly
erroneous
yellow
cab
light
finding
bound
issue
us
decision
since
evidence
obtained
government
means
deceptively
placing
secret
informer
quarters
councils
petitioner
hoffa
therefore
dismiss
writs
improvidently
granted
one
point
informer
partin
testified
hoffa
one
told
wanted
stick
around
petitioners
witnesses
testified
partin
suite
virtually
every
day
well
nightly
meetings
ready
access
files
offices
acted
outside
door
suite
hoffa
testify
hearing
motion
suppress