lee washington argued november decided march district declared alabama statutes requiring racial segregation prisons unconstitutional established schedule desegregation state challenges judgment based fed rule civ proc relating class actions claimed constitutionality statutes failure allow necessary prison security discipline held without merit supp affirmed nicholas hare special assistant attorney general alabama argued cause appellants briefs macdonald gallion attorney general gordon madison assistant attorney general breckenridge charles morgan argued cause appellees brief orzell billingsley melvin wulf per curiam appeal challenges decree district declaring certain alabama statutes violate fourteenth amendment extent require segregation races prisons jails establishing schedule desegregation institutions state contentions rule federal rules civil procedure relates class actions violated case challenged statutes unconstitutional without merit remaining contention state specific orders directing desegregation prisons jails make allowance necessities prison security discipline read order judgment decree district read whole find unexceptionable judgment affirmed justice black justice harlan justice stewart concurring joining opinion wish make explicit something left gathered implication opinion prison authorities right acting good faith particularized circumstances take account racial tensions maintaining security discipline good order prisons jails unwilling assume state local prison authorities might mistakenly regard explicit pronouncement evincing dilution firm commitment fourteenth amendment prohibition racial discrimination